Yamaha EX5 EN - Manual (Page 42)

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About MIDI
MIDI is an acronym that stands for Musical Instrument Digital Interface,
which allows electronic musical instruments to “communicate” with each
other, by sending and receiving compatible Note, Control Change, Program
Change and various other types of MIDI data, or messages.
The EX can control a MIDI device by transmitting note related data and
various types of controller data. The EX can be controlled by the incoming
MIDI messages which automatically select MIDI channels, voices and
effects, change parameter values, and of course play the voices specified
for the various Parts in a Performance.
MIDI Messages Transmitted/Received by the EX
The MIDI messages can be divided into two groups: the Channel Messages and System Messages. Below is a
brief explanation of the various types of MIDI messages which the EX can receive/transmit.
CHANNEL MESSAGES
The Channel Messages are the data related to the performance on the keyboard for the specific channel.
•Note On/Note Off (Key On/Key Off)
Messages which are generated when the keyboard is played. Each message includes a specific note
number which corresponds to the key which is pressed, plus a velocity value based on how hard the key is
struck.
•Control Change
Control Change messages let you select a voice bank (Bank Select), control volume, panning, modulation,
portamento time, brightness and various other controller parameters, through specific Control Change
numbers which correspond to each of the various parameters.
•Program Change
Messages which voice to select for each Part.
With a combination of Bank Select, you can select not only basic voice numbers, but also variation voice
bank numbers.
•Channel Aftertouch
Messages which let you control the sounds by the pressure you apply to the keys after the initial striking of
the keys, over the entire channel.
•Polyphonic Key Pressure
Messages which let you control the sounds by the pressure you apply to the keys after the initial striking of
the keys, for each individual key.
•Pitch Bend
Pitch Bend messages are continuous controller messages that allow the pitch of designated notes to be
raised or lowered by a specified amount over a specified duration.
SYSTEM MESSAGES
The System Messages are the data related to the overall system of the device.
•Exclusive Messages
Exclusive messages control various functions of the EX, including bulk dump, master volume and master
tuning, effect type and various other parameters.
•Realtime Messages
Messages which control the sequencer including Start, Stop, Continue, MIDI clock and Active Sensing
messages.
•Common Messages
Messages which also control the sequencer including Song Select and Song Position Pointer messages.
MIDI Data Format
Many MIDI messages listed in the MIDI Data Format section are expressed in hexadecimal or binary numbers.
Hexadecimal numbers may include the letter “H” as a suffix. The letter “n” indicates a certain whole number.
The chart below lists the corresponding decimal number for each hexadecimal/binary number.
Additional Notes
• For example, 144 - 159(Decimal)/9nH/1001 0000 - 1001 1111(Binary) indicate the note-on messages for the
channels 1 through 16 respectively. 176 - 191/BnH/1011 0000 - 1011 1111 indicate the control change messages
for the channels 1 through 16 respectively. 192 - 207/CnH/1100 0000 - 1100 1111 indicate the program change
messages for the channels 1 through 16 respectively. 240/F0H/1111 0000 is positioned at the beginning of data
to indicate a system exclusive message. 247/F7H/1111 0111 is positioned at the end of the system exclusive
message.
• aaH(Hexadecimal)/0aaaaaaa(Binary) indicates the data addresses. The data address consists of High, Mid and
Low.
• bbH/0bbbbbbb indicates byte counts.
• ccH/0ccccccc indicates tcheck sums.
• ddH/0ddddddd indicates data/value.
Decimal Hexadecimal Binary Decimal Hexadecimal Binary
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
0A
0B
0C
0D
0E
0F
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
1A
1B
1C
1D
1E
1F
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
2A
2B
2C
2D
2E
2F
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
3A
3B
3C
3D
3E
3F
0000 0000
0000 0001
0000 0010
0000 0011
0000 0100
0000 0101
0000 0110
0000 0111
0000 1000
0000 1001
0000 1010
0000 1011
0000 1100
0000 1101
0000 1110
0000 1111
0001 0000
0001 0001
0001 0010
0001 0011
0001 0100
0001 0101
0001 0110
0001 0111
0001 1000
0001 1001
0001 1010
0001 1011
0001 1100
0001 1101
0001 1110
0001 1111
0010 0000
0010 0001
0010 0010
0010 0011
0010 0100
0010 0101
0010 0110
0010 0111
0010 1000
0010 1001
0010 1010
0010 1011
0010 1100
0010 1101
0010 1110
0010 1111
0011 0000
0011 0001
0011 0010
0011 0011
0011 0100
0011 0101
0011 0110
0011 0111
0011 1000
0011 1001
0011 1010
0011 1011
0011 1100
0011 1101
0011 1110
0011 1111
6 4
6 5
6 6
6 7
6 8
6 9
7 0
7 1
7 2
7 3
7 4
7 5
7 6
7 7
7 8
7 9
8 0
8 1
8 2
8 3
8 4
8 5
8 6
8 7
8 8
8 9
9 0
9 1
9 2
9 3
9 4
9 5
9 6
9 7
9 8
9 9
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
4 0
4 1
4 2
4 3
4 4
4 5
4 6
4 7
4 8
4 9
4A
4B
4C
4D
4E
4F
5 0
5 1
5 2
5 3
5 4
5 5
5 6
5 7
5 8
5 9
5A
5B
5C
5D
5E
5F
6 0
6 1
6 2
6 3
6 4
6 5
6 6
6 7
6 8
6 9
6A
6B
6C
6D
6E
6F
7 0
7 1
7 2
7 3
7 4
7 5
7 6
7 7
7 8
7 9
7A
7B
7C
7D
7E
7F
0100 0000
0100 0001
0100 0010
0100 0011
0100 0100
0100 0101
0100 0110
0100 0111
0100 1000
0100 1001
0100 1010
0100 1011
0100 1100
0100 1101
0100 1110
0100 1111
0101 0000
0101 0001
0101 0010
0101 0011
0101 0100
0101 0101
0101 0110
0101 0111
0101 1000
0101 1001
0101 1010
0101 1011
0101 1100
0101 1101
0101 1110
0101 1111
0110 0000
0110 0001
0110 0010
0110 0011
0110 0100
0110 0101
0110 0110
0110 0111
0110 1000
0110 1001
0110 1010
0110 1011
0110 1100
0110 1101
0110 1110
0110 1111
0111 0000
0111 0001
0111 0010
0111 0011
0111 0100
0111 0101
0111 0110
0111 0111
0111 1000
0111 1001
0111 1010
0111 1011
0111 1100
0111 1101
0111 1110
0111 1111