Series, 160s, 160sl – dbx 160SL User Manual
Page 6: Operations, Technical, Manual, Connection, Connection installation installation, Introduction
2
160S
lue
series
b
160S
160S
160S
controls
controls
160S
notes
notes
160S
160S
160S
Operations
160S
160S
160S
160S
160S
160S
160S
160S
160S
160S
160S
160S
160S
160S
160S
Operations
Inspection
Inspection
Operating
Operating
Operating
Operating
Connection
Connection
Installation
Installation
Technical
Technical
Introduction
Introduction
to your system
to your system
considerations
considerations
contents
contents
concept
concept
diagram
diagram
applications
applications
support and factory service
support and factory service
160S
Specifications
Specifications
160S
160S
160S
160S
160S
160S
Manual
Manual
Design
Design
Block
Block
Controls
Controls
Advanced
Advanced
Warranty
Warranty
lue
series
b
Operating Level
Headroom
Clipping
Noise Floor
Useable dynamic range
Clipped signal heavily distorted
Audio levels below here are not heard, because of noise
+10
0
-10
-20
time
+10
0
-10
-20
time
input
dBu
Figure 2
Figure 1
Figure 3
Figure 4
input
dBu
+10
0
-10
-20
time
+10
0
-10
-20
time
output
dBu
output
dBu
INPUT OUTPUT
INPUT OUTPUT
CHANNEL ONE
CHANNEL TWO
A
B
2
1
3
Jensen
®
Output
Transformer
Jensen
®
Output
Transformer
10k 1W
GND
Switch
GND
Switch
BALANCED FLOATING OPERATION
UNBALANCED FLOATING OPERATION
Chassis
Ground
Chassis
Ground
Chassis
Ground
Ground Switch open
Unbalance Switch open
Ground Switch open
Unbalanced Switch closed
(6dB drop in output level)
Jensen
®
Output
Transformer
Jensen
®
Output
Transformer
10k 1W
GND
Switch
GND
Switch
BALANCED GROUND-
REFERENCED OPERATION
UNBALANCED GROUND-
REFERENCED OPERATION
Chassis
Ground
Chassis
Ground
Ground Switch closed
Unbalance Switch open
Ground Switch closed
Unbalance Switch closed
(6dB drop in output level)
+
-
+
-
+
-
+
-
Source
Device
(mixer)
EQ
IN
OUT
Audio
Outputs
Source
Device
(mixer)
Audio
Outputs
DELAY
Audio
Inputs
Audio
Outputs
Sidechain
Return
Sidechain
Send
Audio
Inputs
Audio
Outputs
Sidechain
Return
Sidechain
Send
2
1
3
Chassis
Ground
2
1
3
Chassis
Ground
2
1
3
Chassis
Ground
160SL
160SL
UL60065
FUSE:
T 500mA L
250V
Dynamic
Range
The Difference Between Compressors and Limiters
By measuring the dynamic range of musical instruments in live recording situations, you will experience
extreme amplitudes which will often lead to overload in subsequent signal processing equipment. Especially in
broadcasting and digital recording, these signal peaks can lead to heavy distortion. To avoid this kind of distortion
or, to avoid loudspeakers being damaged by overload, compressors and limiters are used.
The principle function of these devices is automatic gain control, as mentioned in the previous paragraphs, which
reduces the amplitude of loud passages and therefore restricts the original signal dynamics within a desired range.
This is useful, especially in conjunction with microphone recording techniques, to compensate for level changes
which are caused by inconsistent microphone techniques on the part of the player, or to restrict the natural
dynamic range of voices or instruments to achieve a more even level.
Although compressors and limiters perform similar tasks, one essential point makes them different:
Limiters abruptly limit the signal above a certain level, while compressors control the signal “gently” over a wide
range. A limiter continuously monitors the signal and intervenes as soon as an adjustable level is exceeded. This
level is called the “threshold”. Any signal exceeding this threshold level will be immediately held below the set
threshold level.
A compressor also monitors the program material continuously and also has a set threshold level. However,
in contrast to the limiter, signals exceeding the threshold are not reduced abruptly, but gradually. Above the
threshold the signal is reduced in level relative to the amount the signal exceeds this point.
Generally, threshold levels for compressors are set below the normal operating level to allow for the upper
dynamics to be musically compressed. For limiters, the threshold point is set above the normal operating level in
order to provide peak signal limiting and thus protects subsequent equipment.
160SL
lue
series
b
160SL
160SL
160SL
controls
controls
160SL
notes
notes
160SL
160SL
160SL
Operations
160SL
160SL
160SL
160SL
160SL
160SL
160SL
160SL
160SL
160SL
160SL
160SL
160SL
160SL
160SL
Operations
Inspection
Inspection
Operating
Operating
Operating
Operating
Connection
Connection
Installation
Installation
Technical
Technical
Introduction
Introduction
to your system
to your system
considerations
considerations
contents
contents
concept
concept
diagram
diagram
applications
applications
support and factory service
support and factory service
160SL
Specifications
Specifications
160SL
160SL
160SL
160SL
160SL
160SL
Manual
Manual
Design
Design
Block
Block
Controls
Controls
Advanced
Advanced
Warranty
Warranty
lue
series
b