3B Scientific Osteoporosis Model - Manual (Page 3)

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English
Impressive didactic model for comparing osteoporotic and normal thoracic vertebrae. Ideal for medical
studies and patient consultation.The 11th and 12th thoracic vertebrae are shown.
Reproductions of sequential osteoporotic thoracic vertebrae with narrower intervertebral disc are located
on the left of the stand. The upper vertebra is divided in the middle. The magnetically attached vertebral
half can be removed easily to show the cut surfaces.This allows clear visualisation of the fractured upper
part of the vertebral body caused by sintering, i.e. collapse of the bony substance in the course and as a
result of osteoporosis. Degenerative changes in the bone, manifested as osteophytes, are also identifiable.
For comparison, reproductions of two corresponding healthy vertebrae with intervertebral disc are
provided on the right side. One half of the upper vertebral body is also magnetically attached and can
be removed.
Each set of vertebrae also has a sticker on the stand showing two 3D micro CT images obtained from bone
biopsies. These illustrate the microarchitecture of the osteoporotic bone, which has a lower bone density
compared to healthy bone.
A-1 Lateral view of a healthy 11th thoracic vertebra with below adjacent intervertebral disc and
12th thoracic vertebra (reduced)
A-2 Lateral view of an osteoporotic 11th thoracic vertebra with degenerative changes with below
adjacent intervertebral disc and 12th thoracic vertebra (reduced)
B-1 Midsagittal section through body of osteoporotic 11th thoracic vertebra with degenerative
changes
B-2 Midsagittal section through body of healthy 11th thoracic vertebra
C-1 High resolution micro-CT 3D-image reconstruction: biopsy of osteoporotic trabecular bone
showing reduced densitiy and change of architecture
C-2 High resolution micro-CT 3D-image reconstruction: biopsy of healthy trabecular bone
1 Spinous process
2 Transverse process
3 Superior articular process
4 Superior articular facet
5 Costal facet
6 Inferior articular facet
7 Body of vertebra
8a Superior intervertebral surface of body of vertebra
8b Superior intervertebral surface of body of vertebra (with osteoporotic and degenerative changes)
9 11th thoracic vertebra
10 Osteophytes (degenerative change)
11a Intervertebral disc
11b Intervertebral disc (with degenerative changes)
12 Inferior vertebra notch
13 12th thoracic vertebra
14a Cancellous bone (with osteoporotic and degenerative changes)
14b Cancellous bone
15 Trabeculae of bone
Osteoporosis Model