Starlight Xpress SXV-M8C - Manual (Page 21)

Handbook for the SXV-M8C Issue 1 Jan 2005
21
The exposure time needed for good planetary images is such that the image histogram
has a peak value at around 200 and does not extend much above 220 (Ignore the
major peak near zero, due to the dark background). If you use too short an exposure
time, the image noise level will be increased, and if too long a time is used you will
saturate the highlights and cause white patches on the image. With the recommended
focal length, Jupiter and Mars will both need an exposure time of between 0.1 and 1
seconds and Saturn will need between 0.5 and 2 seconds.
Processing a planetary image:
Planetary images have one major advantage over deep sky images, when you come to
process them – they are MUCH brighter, with a correspondingly better signal to noise
ratio. This means that aggressive sharpening filters may be used without making the
result look very noisy and so some of the effects of poor seeing can be neutralised.
Try applying an ‘Unsharp Mask’ filter with a radius of 5 and a power of 5. This will
greatly increase the visibility of any detail on the planet, but the optimum radius and
power will have to be determined by experiment.
Jupiter after an ‘Unsharp mask’
In general terms, the larger the image and the worse the seeing, then the wider the
radius for best results. My Jupiter shots are usually about one third the height of the
CCD frame and I find that the ‘radius 5, power 5’ values are good for most average
seeing conditions. If you have exceptionally good conditions, then a reduction to R=3,
P=3 will probably give a more natural look to the image, as too large a radius and
power tends to outline edges with dark or bright borders.
As a finishing touch, the application of a Median filter or a Weighted Mean Low Pass
filter can be useful to smooth out the high frequency noise after a strong Unsharp
Mask.
As with deep-sky images, it is advantageous to sum colour planetary images together
to improve the signal to noise ratio. In this case, the ‘averaging’ option should always
be used, or the result is likely to exceed the dynamic range of the software and
saturate the highlights. Aligning the images is always something of a problem, as