Lectrosonics UM195 - Manual (Page 4)

GENERAL TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION
The UM195 transmitters are comprised of a number of functional sub-systems as shown in the block diagram
below.
The 195 system uses 75kHz wide deviation for an extremely high signal to noise ratio. The transmitter circuits are
all regulated to allow full output power from the beginning (9 Volts) to the end (7 Volts) of battery life. The oscillator
crystal is shock mounted to provide ruggedness. The input amplifier uses a Motorola 33078 op amp for ultra low
noise operation. It is gain controlled with a wide range input compressor which cleanly limits input signal peaks
over 40dB above full modulation.
Traditionally, compandors have been a source of distortion in wireless microphone systems. The basic problem
with conventional systems is that the attack and decay times are always a compromise. If the time constants are
fast, high frequency transients will not be distorted, but this will cause low frequency distortion. If the time
constants are slower, low frequency audio distortion will be low, but high frequency transients will then be distorted.
The 195 system introduces an entirely new approach to solving this basic problem, called "dual-band companding."
There are actually two separate compandors in the 195 system, one for high frequencies and one for low
frequencies. A crossover network separates the frequency bands at 1kHz with a 6dB per octave slope, followed by
separate high and low frequency compandors. The attack and release times in the high frequency compandor are
fast enough to keep high frequency transient distortion at a low level, and the low frequency compandor uses
slower time constants, reducing low frequency distortion to well below that of a conventional compandor.
+5V BIAS
SUPPLY
PWR MUTE
+9VDC
XTAL OSC
X4 X2
X2
X2
UHF TRANSMITTER
Vref
LP FILTER
HP FILTER
SET
LED
LIMIT
LED
COMPANDOR
Vreg
Vreg
+5VDC
+3.6VDC
SHUNT
LIMITER
INPUT
AMP
AUDIO
LEVEL
LP
FILTER
PEAK AUDIO
INDICATOR &
LIMITER
DRIVER
PILOT
TONE
OSC
5
4
3
2
1
MIC
JACK
LF
ROLL-OFF
COMPANDED AUDIO
TO XMTR
SWITCH
DISABLE
PWR
LED
LED
DISABLE
COMPANDED
AUDIO
BASS
TREBLE
Figure 1 - UM195 Block Diagram
2