Document Outline

• Welcome
• Audience
• Related Documentation
• Table of Contents
  • Introduction
• Introduction
• Neuron Assembler Tools
  • Neuron C Compiler for Assembly Programming
  • Neuron Assembler Command Line Tool
    • Command Usage
    • NAS Command Switches
  • Neuron Librarian Tool
  • IzoT NodeBuilder Development Tool
• Assembler Files
  • Source Files
    • Naming Convention
    • File Format
  • Output Files
• General Neuron Assembly Syntax
  • Labels
  • Assembly Instructions
  • Operands
    • Literal Constants
    • Symbols
    • Expressions
      • General Expressions
      • Constant Expressions
      • Displacements
      • Address Expressions
  • Comments
• Assembler Directives
• Interfacing with Neuron C Programs
  • Neuron Architecture for Neuron Assembly Programming
• Neuron Architecture
• Hardware Resources for Assembly Programs
  • CPU Registers
    • General-Purpose Registers
    • Pointer Registers
    • Flag Register
    • Instruction Pointer
    • Base-Page Register and Stack Registers
  • Stacks
    • Data Stack
    • Return Stack
  • Stack Manipulation
  • Segments
  • Using Neuron Chip Memory
    • Chips with Off-Chip Memory
    • Chips without Off-Chip Memory
    • Chips with Auto-tuned Memory
  • Accessing Global and Static Data
• Addressing Modes
  • Immediate
  • Absolute
  • Direct
  • Implicit
  • Pointer Direct
  • Indirect Relative
  • Indirect Indexed
  • DSP Relative
  • BP Relative
  • BP Indexed
  • Indirect
  • Relative
    • Writing a Neuron Assembly Utility Function
• Overview of Stack-Oriented Programming
• Designing a Neuron Assembly Function
• Interrupt Tasks with Assembly Code
• Documenting Changes to the Stack
  • Stack-Effect Comments
    • Multi-Byte Values
    • Pointer Values
    • Conditional Values
    • Showing the Return Stack
  • Stack-Transformation Comments
• Integrating the Program
• Assembling the Program
• Linking the Program
• Debugging the Program
  • Interfacing with a Neuron C Application
• Overview
• Naming Conventions
• Function Parameters
• Calling Conventions
• Data Representation
  • Integers, Characters, and Strings
  • Multi-Byte Values
  • Arrays
  • Structures and Unions
  • Bitfields
• Calling a Neuron C Function from Assembly Code
  • Exploring an Example Function in Neuron Assembly
• Overview of the Checksum Example
• Implementing the Checksum Function
• Including the Assembly Function in a Neuron C Application
  • Neuron Assembly Language Instruction Statements
• Overview of the Assembly Language Instructions
• ADC (Add with Carry)
• ADD (Add)
• ADD_R (Add and Return)
• ALLOC (Allocate)
• AND (And)
• AND_R (And and Return)
• BR (Branch)
• BRC (Branch If Carry)
• BRF (Branch Far)
• BRNC (Branch If Not Carry)
• BRNEQ (Branch If Not Equal)
• BRNZ (Branch If Not Zero)
• BRZ (Branch If Zero)
• CALL (Call Near)
• CALLF (Call Far)
• CALLR (Call Relative)
• DBRNZ (Decrement and Branch If Not Zero)
• DEALLOC (Deallocate and Return)
• DEC (Decrement)
• DIV (Divide)
• DROP (Drop from Stack)
• DROP_R (Drop from Stack and Return)
• INC (Increment)
• MUL (Multiply)
• NOP (No Operation)
• NOT (Not)
• OR (Or)
• OR_R (Or and Return)
• POP (Pop from Stack)
• POPD (Pop Pointer Direct)
• POPPUSH (Pop from Data Stack and Push onto Return Stack)
• PUSH (Push onto Stack)
• PUSHD (Push Pointer Direct)
• PUSHPOP (Pop from Return Stack and Push onto Data Stack)
• PUSHS (Push Short)
• RET (Return from Call)
• ROLC (Rotate Left through Carry)
• RORC (Rotate Right through Carry)
• SBC (Subtract with Carry)
• SBR (Short Branch)
• SBRNZ (Short Branch If Not Zero)
• SBRZ (Short Branch If Zero)
• SHL (Shift Left)
• SHLA (Shift Left Arithmetically)
• SHR (Shift Right)
• SHRA (Shift Right Arithmetically)
• SUB (Subtract)
• XCH (Exchange)
• XOR (Exclusive Or)
• XOR_R (Exclusive Or and Return)
  • Neuron Assembler Directives
• Overview of the Assembler Directives
• APEXP (Application Symbol Export)
• DATA.B (Reserve Initialized Memory)
• ELSE (Conditional Assembly)
• END (Assembly Control)
• ENDIF (Conditional Assembly)
• EQU (Equate Symbol)
• ERROR (Conditional Assembly)
• EXPORT (Export Symbol)
• IF (Conditional Assembly)
• IFDEF (Conditional Assembly)
• IFNDEF (Conditional Assembly)
• IMPORT (Import External Symbol)
• INCLUDE (Assembly Control)
• LIBRARY (Include Library)
• LIST (Listing Control)
• NOLIST (Listing Control)
• ORG (Segment Control)
• PAGE (Listing Control)
• RADIX (Default Radix)
• RES (Reserve Uninitialized Memory)
• RESOURCE (Resource Control)
• SEG (Segment Control)
• SUBHEAD (Listing Control)
  • System-Provided Functions
• Overview of the Functions
• _abs16 (Absolute Value, 16 Bit)
• _abs8 (Absolute Value, 8 Bit)
• _add16 (Add, 16 Bit)
• _add16s (Add Signed, 16 Bit)
• _add_8_16f (Add Fast, 8 Bit to 16 Bit)
• _adds_8_16 (Add Signed, 8 Bit to 16 Bit)
• _alloc (Allocate Stack Space)
• _and16 (And, 16 Bit)
• _dealloc (Deallocate Stack Space and Return)
• _dec16 (Decrement, 16 Bit)
• _div16 (Divide, 16 Bit)
• _div16s (Divide Signed, 16 Bit)
• _div8 (Divide, 8 Bit)
• _div8s (Divide Signed, 8 Bit)
• _drop_n (Drop N Bytes from Stack)
• _drop_n_preserve_1 (Drop N Bytes from Stack and Preserve NEXT)
• _drop_n_preserve_2 (Drop N Bytes from Stack and Preserve NEXT and NEXT+1)
• _drop_n_return_1 (Drop N Bytes from Stack, Preserve NEXT, and Return)
• _drop_n_return_2 (Drop N Bytes from Stack, Preserve NEXT and NEXT+1, and Return)
• _equal16 (Equality Test, 16 Bit)
• _equal8 (Equality Test, 8 Bit)
• _gequ16s (Greater Than or Equal Signed, 16 Bit)
• _gequ8 (Greater Than or Equal, 8 Bit)
• _gequ8s (Greater Than or Equal Signed, 8 Bit)
• _get_sp (Get Stack Pointer)
• _inc16 (Increment, 16 Bit)
• io_iaccess (Acquire Semaphore)
• io_iaccess_wait (Acquire Semaphore and Wait)
• io_irelease (Release Semaphore)
• _l_shift16 (Left Shift, 16 Bit)
• _l_shift16s (Left Shift Signed, 16 Bit)
• _l_shift8 (Left Shift, 8 Bit)
• _l_shift8s (Left Shift Signed, 8 Bit)
• _l_shift8_<n> (Left Shift by <n>, 8 Bit)
• _ldP0_fetchl (Load P0 from Fetched Location)
• _less16 (Less Than, 16 Bit)
• _less16s (Less Than Signed, 16 Bit)
• _less8 (Less Than, 8 Bit)
• _less8s (Less Than Signed, 8 Bit)
• _log16 (Logical Value, 16 Bit)
• _log8 (Logical Value, 8 Bit)
• _lognot16 (Negated Logical Value, 16 Bit)
• _lognot8 (Negated Logical Value, 8 Bit)
• _lshift16_add16 (Left Shift and Add, 16 Bit)
• _lshift8_add16 (Left Shift and Add, Converts 8 Bits to 16 Bits)
• _lshift8by1_add16 (Left Shift By 1 and Add, Converts 8 Bits to 16 Bits)
• _lshift8by2_add16 (Left Shift By 2 and Add, Converts 8 Bits to 16 Bits)
• _max16 (Maximum Value, 16 Bit)
• _max16s (Maximum Signed Value, 16 Bit)
• _max8 (Maximum Value, 8 Bit)
• _max8s (Maximum Signed Value, 8 Bit)
• _memcpy (Copy Memory)
• _memcpy1 (Copy Memory from Offset)
• _memset (Set Memory)
• _memset1 (Set Memory at P0)
• _min16 (Minimum Value, 16 Bit)
• _min16s (Minimum Signed Value, 16 Bit)
• _min8 (minimum Value, 8 Bit)
• _min8s (Minimum Signed Value, 8 Bit)
• _minus16s (Negative Signed Value, 16 Bit)
• _mod8 (Modulo, 8 Bit)
• _mod8s (Modulo Signed, 8 Bit)
• _mul16 (Multiply, 16 Bit)
• _mul16s (Multiply Signed, 16 Bit)
• _mul8 (Multiply, 8 Bit)
• _mul8s (Multiply Signed, 8 Bit)
• _mul_8_16 (Multiply, 8 Bit to 16 Bit)
• _muls_8_16 (Multiply Signed, 8 Bit to 16 Bit)
• _mul8l (Multiply, 8 Bit with 16 Bit Result)
• _mul8ls (Multiply Signed, 8 Bit with 16 Bit Result)
• _not16 (Not, 16 Bit)
• _or16 (Or, 16 Bit)
• _pop (Pop from TOS and Push to Offset)
• _pop1 (Pop from TOS and Push Short to Offset)
• _popd (Pop from TOS and NEXT, Push to Offset, 16 Bit)
• _popd1 (Pop from TOS and NEXT, Push Short to Offset, 16 Bit)
• _push (Push from Offset to TOS)
• _push1 (Push Short from Offset to TOS)
• _push4 (Copy Top 4 Bytes of Stack, Push toStack)
• _pushd (Push from Offset to TOS and NEXT, 16 Bit)
• _pushd1 (Push Short from Offset to TOS and NEXT, 16 Bit)
• _r_shift16 (Right Shift, 16 Bit)
• _r_shift16s (Right Shift Signed, 16 Bit)
• _r_shift8 (Right Shift, 8 Bit)
• _r_shift8_<n> (Right Shift <n>, 8 Bit)
• _r_shift8s (Right Shift Signed, 8 Bit)
• _register_call (Call Function from Register)
• _sign_extend16 (Convert 8 Bit to 16 Bit, Preserve Sign)
• _sub16 (Subtract, 16 Bit)
• _sub16s (Subtract Signed, 16 Bit)
• _xor16 (Exclusive OR, 16 Bit)
  • A
    • Neuron Assembly Instructions Listed by Mnemonic
• Instructions by Mnemonic
  • B
    • Neuron Assembly Instructions Listed by Hexadecimal Opcode
• Instructions by Opcode
  • C
    • Reserved Keywords
• Keywords
  • Index