Document Outline

• Contents
• Preface
  • What this book is about
  • Who should read this book
  • What you need to know to understand this book
  • How to use this book
• Changes in CICS Transaction Server for z/OS, Version 4 Release 1
• Part 1. CICS recovery and restart concepts
• Chapter 1. Recovery and restart facilities
  • Maintaining the integrity of data
  • Minimizing the effect of failures
  • The role of CICS
  • Recoverable resources
  • CICS backward recovery (backout)
    • Dynamic transaction backout
    • Emergency restart backout
  • CICS forward recovery
    • Forward recovery of CICS data sets
  • Failures that require CICS recovery processing
    • CICS recovery processing following a communication failure
      • XCF/MRO partner failures
    • CICS recovery processing following a transaction failure
    • CICS recovery processing following a system failure
• Chapter 2. Resource recovery in CICS
  • Units of work
    • Shunted units of work
    • Locks
    • Synchronization points
      • Examples of synchronization points
  • CICS recovery manager
    • Managing the state of each unit of work
    • Coordinating updates to local resources
    • Coordinating updates in distributed units of work
      • Managing indoubt units of work
    • Resynchronization after system or connection failure
  • CICS system log
    • Information recorded on the system log
    • System activity keypoints
  • Forward recovery logs
  • User journals and automatic journaling
• Chapter 3. Shutdown and restart recovery
  • Normal shutdown processing
    • First quiesce stage
    • Second quiesce stage
    • Third quiesce stage
    • Warm keypoints
    • Shunted units of work at shutdown
    • Flushing journal buffers
  • Immediate shutdown processing (PERFORM SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE)
  • Shutdown requested by the operating system
  • Uncontrolled termination
  • The shutdown assist transaction
  • Cataloging CICS resources
    • Global catalog
    • Local catalog
  • Shutdown initiated by CICS log manager
    • Effect of problems with the system log
  • How the state of the CICS region is reconstructed
    • Overriding the type of start indicator
    • Warm restart
    • Emergency restart
    • Cold start
      • An initial start of CICS
    • Dynamic RLS restart
  • Recovery with VTAM persistent sessions
    • Running with persistent sessions support
      • Situations in which sessions are not reestablished
      • Situations in which VTAM does not retain sessions
    • Running without persistent sessions support
• Part 2. Recovery and restart processes
• Chapter 4. CICS cold start
  • Starting CICS with the START=COLD parameter
    • Files
    • Temporary storage
      • Temporary storage data sharing server
    • Transient data
    • Transactions
    • Journal names and journal models
    • LIBRARY resources
    • Programs
    • Start requests (with and without a terminal)
    • Resource definitions dynamically installed
    • Monitoring and statistics
    • Terminal control resources
      • Committing and cataloging resources installed from the CSD
    • Distributed transaction resources
    • Dump table
  • Starting CICS with the START=INITIAL parameter
• Chapter 5. CICS warm restart
  • Rebuilding the CICS state after a normal shutdown
    • Files
      • Data set name blocks
      • Reconnecting to SMSVSAM for RLS access
      • Recreating non-RLS retained locks
    • Temporary storage
      • Temporary storage data sharing server
    • Transient data
      • TDINTRA=NOEMPTY (the default)
      • TDINTRA=EMPTY
    • Transactions
    • LIBRARY resources
    • Programs
      • No autoinstall for programs
      • Autoinstall for programs
    • Start requests
    • Monitoring and statistics
    • Journal names and journal models
    • Terminal control resources
      • CSD-defined resource definitions
      • TCAM and sequential (BSAM) devices
    • Distributed transaction resources
    • URIMAP definitions and virtual hosts
• Chapter 6. CICS emergency restart
  • Recovering after a CICS failure
    • Recovering information from the system log
    • Driving backout processing for in-flight units of work
    • Concurrent processing of new work and backout
      • Effect of delayed recovery on PLTPI processing
    • Other backout processing
  • Rebuilding the CICS state after an abnormal termination
    • Files
    • Temporary storage
    • Transient data
    • Start requests
    • Terminal control resources
    • Distributed transaction resources
• Chapter 7. Automatic restart management
  • CICS ARM processing
    • Registering with ARM
    • Waiting for predecessor subsystems
    • De-registering from ARM
    • Failing to register
    • ARM couple data sets
  • CICS restart JCL and parameters
  • Workload policies
  • Connecting to VTAM
    • The COVR transaction
    • Messages associated with automatic restart
  • Automatic restart of CICS data-sharing servers
    • Server ARM processing
      • Waiting on events during initialization
      • Server initialization parameters for ARM support
      • Server commands for ARM support
• Chapter 8. Unit of work recovery and abend processing
  • Unit of work recovery
    • Transaction backout
      • Files
      • Intrapartition transient data
      • Auxiliary temporary storage
      • START requests
      • EXEC CICS CANCEL requests
      • Basic mapping support (BMS) messages
    • Backout-failed recovery
      • Retrying backout-failed units of work
      • Disposition of data sets after backout failures
      • Possible reasons for VSAM backout failure
    • Commit-failed recovery
    • Indoubt failure recovery
      • Files
      • Intrapartition transient data
      • Auxiliary temporary storage
  • Investigating an indoubt failure
  • Recovery from failures associated with the coupling facility
    • Cache failure support
    • Lost locks recovery
      • Rebuilding the lock structure
      • Notifying CICS of SMSVSAM restart
      • Performing lost locks recovery for failed units of work
    • Connection failure to a coupling facility cache structure
    • Connection failure to a coupling facility lock structure
    • MVS system recovery and sysplex recovery
  • Transaction abend processing
    • Exit code
    • Abnormal termination of a task
      • Transaction restart
  • Actions taken at transaction failure
  • Processing operating system abends and program checks
• Chapter 9. Communication error processing
  • Terminal error processing
    • Node error program (DFHZNEP)
    • Terminal error program (DFHTEP)
  • Intersystem communication failures
• Part 3. Implementing recovery and restart
• Chapter 10. Planning aspects of recovery
  • Application design considerations
    • Questions relating to recovery requirements
    • Validate the recovery requirements statement
    • Designing the end user’s restart procedure
    • End user’s standby procedures
    • Communications between application and user
    • Security
  • System definitions for recovery-related functions
  • Documentation and test plans
• Chapter 11. Defining system and general log streams
  • Defining log streams to MVS
  • Defining system log streams
    • Specifying a JOURNALMODEL resource definition
    • Model log streams for CICS system logs
      • Recovery considerations
    • Activity keypointing
      • Keeping system log data to a minimum
      • Log-tail deletion
      • Writing user-recovery data
      • Avoiding retention periods on the system log
      • Long-running transactions
  • Defining forward recovery log streams
    • Model log streams for CICS general logs
    • Merging data on shared general log streams
  • Defining the log of logs
    • Log of logs failure
    • Reading log streams offline
  • Effect of daylight saving time changes
    • Adjusting local time
    • Time stamping log and journal records
      • Offline utility program, DFHJUP
• Chapter 12. Defining recoverability for CICS-managed resources
  • Recovery for transactions
    • Defining transaction recovery attributes
      • Indoubt options for distributed transactions
  • Recovery for files
    • VSAM files
    • Basic direct access method (BDAM)
    • Defining files as recoverable resources
      • VSAM files accessed in non-RLS mode
      • VSAM files accessed in RLS mode
      • BDAM files
      • The CSD data set
    • File recovery attribute consistency checking (non-RLS)
      • Overriding open failures at the XFCNREC global user exit
      • CICS responses to file open requests
    • Implementing forward recovery with user-written utilities
    • Implementing forward recovery with CICS VSAM Recovery MVS/ESA
  • Recovery for intrapartition transient data
    • Backward recovery
      • Logical recovery
      • Physical recovery
      • No recovery
    • Forward recovery
  • Recovery for extrapartition transient data
    • Input extrapartition data sets
    • Output extrapartition data sets
    • Using post-initialization (PLTPI) programs
  • Recovery for temporary storage
    • Backward recovery
    • Forward recovery
  • Recovery for Web services
    • Configuring CICS to support persistent messages
    • Defining local queues in a service provider
    • Persistent message processing
• Chapter 13. Programming for recovery
  • Designing applications for recovery
    • Splitting the application into transactions
      • Relationships between processing units
    • SAA-compatible applications
  • Program design
    • Dividing transactions into units of work
    • Processing dialogs with users
      • Conversational processing
      • Pseudoconversational processing
    • Mechanisms for passing data between transactions
      • Temporary storage (auxiliary)
      • Transient data queues
      • User files and DL/I and DB2 databases
      • User-maintained data tables
      • Coupling facility data tables
    • Designing to avoid transaction deadlocks
    • Implications of interval control START requests
    • Implications of automatic task initiation (TD trigger level)
    • Implications of presenting large amounts of data to the user
      • Terminal paging through BMS
      • Using transient data queues
  • Managing transaction and system failures
    • Transaction failures
    • System failures
    • Handling abends and program level abend exits
    • Processing the IOERR condition
    • START TRANSID commands
    • PL/I programs and error handling
  • Locking (enqueuing on) resources in application programs
    • Implicit locking for files
      • Nonrecoverable files
      • Recoverable files
    • Implicit enqueuing on logically recoverable TD destinations
    • Implicit enqueuing on recoverable temporary storage queues
    • Implicit enqueuing on DL/I databases with DBCTL
    • Explicit enqueuing (by the application programmer)
    • Possibility of transaction deadlock
  • User exits for transaction backout
    • Where you can add your own code
    • XRCINIT exit
    • XRCINPT exit
    • XFCBFAIL global user exit
    • XFCLDEL global user exit
    • XFCBOVER global user exit
    • XFCBOUT global user exit
    • Coding transaction backout exits
• Chapter 14. Using a program error program (PEP)
  • The CICS-supplied PEP
  • Your own PEP
  • Omitting the PEP
• Chapter 15. Resolving retained locks on recoverable resources
  • Quiescing RLS data sets
    • The RLS quiesce and unquiesce functions
      • Illustration of the quiesce flow across two CICS regions
      • Other quiesce interface functions
  • Switching from RLS to non-RLS access mode
    • Exception for read-only operations
    • What can prevent a switch to non-RLS access mode?
    • Resolving retained locks before opening data sets in non-RLS mode
      • Investigating which retained locks are held and why
      • INQUIRE DSNAME
      • INQUIRE UOWDSNFAIL
      • SHCDS LIST subcommands
    • Resolving retained locks and preserving data integrity
    • Choosing data availability over data integrity
    • The batch-enabling sample programs
    • CEMT command examples
    • A special case: lost locks
    • Overriding retained locks
      • The PERMITNONRLSUPDATE subcommand
      • The DENYNONRLSUPDATE subcommand
      • Post-batch processing
  • Coupling facility data table retained locks
• Chapter 16. Moving recoverable data sets that have retained locks
  • Procedure for moving a data set with retained locks
    • Using the REPRO method
    • Using the EXPORT and IMPORT functions
    • Rebuilding alternate indexes
• Chapter 17. Forward recovery procedures
  • Forward recovery of data sets accessed in RLS mode
    • Recovery of data set with volume still available
    • Recovery of data set with loss of volume
      • Volume recovery procedure using CFVOL QUIESCE
      • Catalog recovery
  • Forward recovery of data sets accessed in non-RLS mode
  • Procedure for failed RLS mode forward recovery operation
  • Procedure for failed non-RLS mode forward recovery operation
• Chapter 18. Backup-while-open (BWO)
  • BWO and concurrent copy
    • BWO and backups
  • BWO requirements
    • Hardware requirements
  • Which data sets are eligible for BWO
  • How you request BWO
    • Specifying BWO using access method services
    • Specifying BWO on CICS file resource definitions
  • Removing BWO attributes
  • Systems administration
  • BWO processing
    • File opening
      • First file opened in non-RLS mode against a cluster
      • Subsequent files opened when use count is not zero
      • Subsequent files opened when use count is zero
    • File closing (non-RLS mode)
    • Shutdown and restart
      • Controlled shutdown
      • Immediate or uncontrolled shutdown
      • Restart
    • Data set backup and restore
      • VSAM access method services
      • Invalid state changes for BWO attributes
      • Data set restore
    • Forward recovery logging
      • Data sets
      • Recovery point (non-RLS mode)
    • Forward recovery
    • Recovering VSAM spheres with AIXs
  • An assembler program that calls DFSMS callable services
• Chapter 19. Disaster recovery
  • Why have a disaster recovery plan?
  • Disaster recovery testing
  • Six tiers of solutions for off-site recovery
    • Tier 0: no off-site data
    • Tier 1 - physical removal
    • Tier 2 - physical removal with hot site
    • Tier 3 - electronic vaulting
    • Tier 0–3 solutions
    • Tier 4 - active secondary site
    • Tier 5 - two-site, two-phase commit
    • Tier 6 - minimal to zero data loss
    • Tier 4–6 solutions
  • Disaster recovery and high availability
    • Peer-to-peer remote copy (PPRC) and extended remote copy (XRC)
      • PPRC or XRC?
      • Other benefits of PPRC and XRC
      • Forward recovery
    • Remote Recovery Data Facility
    • Choosing between RRDF and 3990-6 solutions
    • Disaster recovery personnel considerations
    • Returning to your primary site
  • Disaster recovery facilities
    • MVS system logger recovery support
    • CICS VSAM Recovery QSAM copy
    • Remote Recovery Data Facility support
    • CICS VR shadowing
  • CICS emergency restart considerations
    • Indoubt and backout failure support
    • Remote site recovery for RLS-mode data sets
  • Final summary
• Part 4. Appendixes
• Notices
  • Trademarks
• Bibliography
  • CICS books for CICS Transaction Server for z/OS
  • CICSPlex SM books for CICS Transaction Server for z/OS
  • Other CICS publications
• Accessibility
• Index
  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
  • E
  • F
  • G
  • H
  • I
  • J
  • K
  • L
  • M
  • N
  • O
  • P
  • Q
  • R
  • S
  • T
  • U
  • V
  • W
  • X
• Readers’ Comments — We'd Like to Hear from You