Apple Aperture Digital Photography Fundamentals - Manual (Page 20)

20 Chapter 1 How Digital Cameras Capture Images
Memory Card
After the digital image sensor has captured the image, the camera employs a series of
processes to optimize the image. Many of these processes are based on camera
settings established by the photographer prior to taking the shot, such as the ISO
setting. After image processing, the camera stores the digital information in a file. The
type of digital file created varies depending on the camera’s manufacturer. However,
the camera’s RAW file contains the digital image data before it has been converted to a
standardized file type, such as JPEG or TIFF. Not all RAW files are alike, but the image
data produced by your camera’s digital image sensor and processor is retained bit for
bit in that file. For more information about these file types, see “
Understanding RAW,
JPEG, and TIFF ” on page 21.
Once the file is ready for storage, the camera transfers the file from its processor to the
memory card. There are several types of memory cards, but the process by which they
receive the information is the same.
External Flash
Certain photographic situations require the additional light provided by an external
flash. Many prosumer DSLR models have built-in or on-camera flashes, but the
proximity to the lens and the lack of flash exposure control prevent their use in
professional situations.
External flashes provide professional-level control over flash exposure. This allows for
fine-tuned fill flash (low-intensity flash that illuminates the subject against a bright
background so the subject does not appear in silhouette) and the prevention of
overexposed subjects in close-quarter situations.
External or off-camera flashes are synced to the shutter release via the hot-shoe
bracket or PC terminal.
Hot-shoe bracket
PC Terminal