Apple Logic Pro 8 - Manual (Page 449)

Chapter 18 Editing MIDI Events in the Event List 449
 Val(ue): Value of the controller. Continuous controllers have a range of 0 to 127.
Switch controllers (CC#64—CC#90) transfer two states: off (val = 0) and on (any value
between 1 and 127).
Pitch Bend Events
Pitch bend events are used to continuously vary the pitch. They are usually generated
by a centered pitch bend wheel or joystick on your keyboard.
 Num(ber): Fine pitch bend division (LSB: Least Significant Byte). Many keyboards
transmit a value of 0. If the pitch bend wheel has an 8-bit resolution, you will see
values of 0 or 64 in this column.
 Val(ue): The effective pitch value (MSB: Most Significant Byte), ranging from 0 to 127.
A value of 64 corresponds to the half-way setting of the wheel.
 Length/Info: The 14-bit value is displayed in this column as a decimal figure ranging
from –8192 to 8191 (if your keyboard transmits 14-bit pitch bend data). The value in
this column may be edited in the usual ways.
Program Change Events
Program change events transmitted to connected MIDI devices are used for patch
(preset or setting) selection. These may be sounds in a synthesizer, programs in an
effects unit, or snapshots in an automated mixing desk, as examples.
 Val(ue): A program number between 0 and 127.
 Some manufacturers (such as Yamaha) number the programs in their devices from
1 to 128, not 0 to 127. If you have devices that follow this numbering protocol, you
will need to subtract 1 from the program number shown on the device itself, when
adding or altering a program change event.
 Other manufacturers use various methods of dividing internal memory locations
into groups (or banks), and sounds. The most common is divisions into 8 groups of
8 sounds, each numbered 1 to 8. These devices respond to program numbers 0 to
63 by addressing storage locations 11 to 88. The instruction manuals for these
devices should contain conversion tables to assist you.
 Num(ber): Bank select. Normally you will see this symbol (–), which means no bank
select message will be sent. If you assign a number between 0 and 126, a bank select
event is sent before the program change event.