Document Outline

• Debugging with GDB Manual
• Table of Contents
• Summary of GDB
  • Free Software
  • Contributors to GDB
• 1 A Sample GDB Session
  • 1.1 Loading the Executable
  • 1.2 Setting Display width
  • 1.3 Setting Breakpoints
  • 1.4 Running the executable under GDB
  • 1.5 Stepping to the next line in the source program
  • 1.6 Stepping into a subroutine
  • 1.7 Examining the Stack
  • 1.8 Printing Variable Values
  • 1.9 Listing Source Code
  • 1.10 Setting Variable Values During a Session
• 2 Getting In and Out of GDB
  • 2.1 Invoking GDB
    • 2.1.1 Choosing files
    • 2.1.2 Choosing modes
    • 2.1.3 Redirecting WDB input and output to a file
  • 2.2 Quitting GDB
  • 2.3 Shell commands
• 3 GDB Commands
  • 3.1 Command syntax
  • 3.2 Command completion
  • 3.3 Getting help
• 4 Running Programs Under GDB
  • 4.1 Compiling for debugging
  • 4.2 Starting your program
  • 4.3 Arguments To Your Program
  • 4.4 Program Environment
  • 4.5 Working directory
  • 4.6 Program Input and Output
  • 4.7 Debugging a Running Process
  • 4.8 Killing the child process
  • 4.9 Debugging programs with multiple threads
  • 4.10 Debugging programs with multiple processes
• 5 Stopping and Continuing
  • 5.1 Breakpoints
    • 5.1.1 Setting breakpoints
    • 5.1.2 Setting catchpoints
    • 5.1.3 Deleting breakpoints
    • 5.1.4 Disabling breakpoints
    • 5.1.5 Break conditions
    • 5.1.6 Breakpoint command lists
    • 5.1.7 Breakpoint menus
    • 5.1.8 “Cannot insert breakpoints”
  • 5.2 Continuing and stepping
  • 5.3 Signals
  • 5.4 Stopping and starting multi-thread programs
• 6 Examining the Stack
  • 6.1 Stack frames
  • 6.2 Stacks Without frames
  • 6.3 Commands for Examining the Stack
  • 6.4 Backtraces
  • 6.5 Selecting a frame
  • 6.6 Information about a frame
• 7 Examining Source Files
  • 7.1 Printing source lines
  • 7.2 Searching source files
  • 7.3 Specifying source directories
  • 7.4 Source and machine code
• 8 Examining Data
  • 8.1 Expressions
  • 8.2 Program variables
  • 8.3 Artificial arrays
  • 8.4 Output formats
  • 8.5 Examining memory
  • 8.6 Automatic display
  • 8.7 Print settings
  • 8.8 Value history
  • 8.9 Convenience variables
  • 8.10 Registers
  • 8.11 Printing Floating Point Values
  • 8.12 Floating point hardware
• 9 Using GDB with Different Languages
  • 9.1 Switching between source languages
    • 9.1.1 List of filename extensions and languages
    • 9.1.2 Setting the working language
    • 9.1.3 Having GDB infer the source language
  • 9.2 Displaying the language
  • 9.3 Type and range checking
    • 9.3.1 An overview of type checking
    • 9.3.2 An overview of range checking
  • 9.4 Supported languages
    • 9.4.1 C and C++
      • 9.4.1.1 C and C++ operators
      • 9.4.1.2 C and C++ constants
      • 9.4.1.3 C++ expressions
      • 9.4.1.4 C and C++ defaults
      • 9.4.1.5 C and C++ type and range checks
      • 9.4.1.6 GDB and C
      • 9.4.1.7 GDB features for C++
    • 9.4.2 Fortran
      • 9.4.2.1 Fortran types
      • 9.4.2.2 Fortran operators
      • 9.4.2.3 Fortran special issues
• 10 Examining the Symbol Table
• 11 Altering Execution
  • 11.1 Assignment to variables
  • 11.2 Continuing at a different address
  • 11.3 Giving your program a signal
  • 11.4 Returning from a function
  • 11.5 Calling program functions
  • 11.6 Patching programs
• 12 GDB Files
  • 12.1 Commands to specify files
  • 12.2 Specifying shared library locations
  • 12.3 Errors reading symbol files
• 13 Specifying a Debugging Target
  • 13.1 Active targets
  • 13.2 Commands for managing targets
  • 13.3 Choosing target byte order
• 14 HP-UX Configuration-Specific Information
  • 14.1 Summary of HP Enhancements to GDB
  • 14.2 HP-UX dependencies
    • 14.2.1 Linker Dependencies
    • 14.2.2 Dependent Standard Library Routines for Run Time Checking
  • 14.3 Supported Platforms and Modes
  • 14.4 HP-UX targets
  • 14.5 Support for Alternate root
  • 14.6 Specifying object file directories
  • 14.7 Fix and continue debugging
    • 14.7.1 Fix and Continue compiler dependencies
    • 14.7.2 Fix and Continue restrictions
    • 14.7.3 Using Fix and Continue
    • 14.7.4 Example Fix and Continue session
  • 14.8 Inline Support
    • 14.8.1 Inline Debugging in HP 9000 Systems
    • 14.8.2 Inline Debugging in Integrity Systems
      • 14.8.2.1 Debugging Inline Functions in Integrity Systems
  • 14.9 Debugging Macros
    • 14.9.1 Viewing and Evaluating Macro Definitions
      • 14.9.1.1 Compiler Options to Enable Macro Debugging
    • 14.9.2 Examples for Macro Debugging
  • 14.10 Debugging Memory Problems
    • 14.10.1 When to suspect a memory leak
    • 14.10.2 Memory debugging restrictions
    • 14.10.3 Memory Debugging Methodologies
    • 14.10.4 Debugging Memory in Interactive Mode
      • 14.10.4.1 Commands for interactive memory debugging
      • 14.10.4.2 Example for interactive debugging session
    • 14.10.5 Debugging Memory in Batch Mode
      • 14.10.5.1 Setting Configuration Options for Batch Mode
      • 14.10.5.2 Environment variable setting for Batch mode debugging
      • 14.10.5.3 Example for Batch Mode RTC
    • 14.10.6 Debugging Memory Interactively After Attaching to a Running Process
    • 14.10.7 Configuring memory debugging settings
      • 14.10.7.1 Specifying the stack depth
      • 14.10.7.2 Specifying minimum leak size
      • 14.10.7.3 Specifying minimum block size
    • 14.10.8 Scenarios in memory debugging
      • 14.10.8.1 Stop when freeing unallocated or deallocated blocks
      • 14.10.8.2 Stop when freeing a block if bad writes occurred outside block boundary
      • 14.10.8.3 Stop when a specified block address is allocated or deallocated
      • 14.10.8.4 Scramble previous memory contents at malloc/free calls
      • 14.10.8.5 Detect dangling pointers and dangling blocks
      • 14.10.8.6 Detect in-block corruption of freed blocks
      • 14.10.8.7 Specify the amount of guard bytes for every block of allocated memory
    • 14.10.9 Comparison of Memory Debugging Commands in Interactive Mode and Batch Mode
    • 14.10.10 Heap Profiling
      • 14.10.10.1 Commands for heap profiling
      • 14.10.10.2 info heap arena
      • 14.10.10.3 info heap arena [0 |1|2|..] blocks stacks
      • 14.10.10.4 info module ADDRESS
      • 14.10.10.5 info heap process
      • 14.10.10.6 Example for heap profiling
    • 14.10.11 Memory Checking Analysis for User Defined Memory Management Routines
    • 14.10.12 Commands to track the change in data segment value
  • 14.11 Thread Debugging Support
    • 14.11.1 Support for Enabling and Disabling Specific Threads
    • 14.11.2 Backtrace Support for Thread Debugging
    • 14.11.3 Advanced Thread Debugging Support
      • 14.11.3.1 Pre-requisites for Advanced Thread Debugging
      • 14.11.3.2 Enabling and Disabling Advanced Thread Debugging Features
      • 14.11.3.3 Commands to view information on pthread primitives
    • 14.11.4 Debugging Threads Interactively After Attaching to a Process
    • 14.11.5 Thread Debugging in Batch Mode
      • 14.11.5.1 Pre-requisites for Batch mode of Thread Debugging
      • 14.11.5.2 Limitations in Batch mode of thread debugging
    • 14.11.6 Thread Debugging in +check Mode
    • 14.11.7 Known issues with Thread Debugging for Interactive and Batch mode
  • 14.12 Debugging MPI Programs
  • 14.13 Debugging multiple processes ( programs with fork and vfork calls)
    • 14.13.1 Ask mode for set follow-fork-mode
    • 14.13.2 Serial mode for set follow-fork-mode
    • 14.13.3 Support for showing unwind info
    • 14.13.4 Printing CFM and PFS registers
  • 14.14 Command to Search for a Pattern in the Memory Address Space
  • 14.15 Debugging Core Files
    • 14.15.1 Generating core files with packcore /unpackcore/getcore
    • 14.15.2 Support for the info target Command
    • 14.15.3 Support for the dumpcore command
      • 14.15.3.1 Enhancements to the dumpcore command
    • 14.15.4 Support for display of run time type information
  • 14.16 Printing the Execution Path Entries for the Current Frame or Thread
    • 14.16.1 Compiler Dependencies for Printing the Execution Path Entries
    • 14.16.2 Example Illustrating Execution Path Recovery
  • 14.17 Command to Unwind Beyond 10000 Frames
  • 14.18 Invoking GDB Before a Program Aborts
  • 14.19 Aborting a Command Line Call
  • 14.20 Instruction Level Stepping
  • 14.21 Enhanced support for watchpoints and breakpoints
    • 14.21.1 Deferred watchpoints
    • 14.21.2 Hardware watchpoints
    • 14.21.3 Hardware breakpoints
      • 14.21.3.1 Setting breakpoints in unstripped shared library
    • 14.21.4 Support for procedural breakpoints
    • 14.21.5 Support for template breakpoints
  • 14.22 Debugging support for shared libraries
    • 14.22.1 Using shared library as main program
    • 14.22.2 Setting Deferred Breakpoints in Shared Library
    • 14.22.3 Using catch load
    • 14.22.4 Privately mapping shared libraries
    • 14.22.5 Selectively Mapping Shared Libraries As Private
    • 14.22.6 Setting breakpoints in shared library
    • 14.22.7 Enhancement to the info shared Command
  • 14.23 Debugging support for Decimal Floating Point data type
    • 14.23.1 Printing Decimal Floating point data types
      • 14.23.1.1 Printing Decimal floating point constant
      • 14.23.1.2 Printing Decimal floating point variable
    • 14.23.2 Printing NaT Registers
    • 14.23.3 Handling Decimal Floating Point Data types
    • 14.23.4 Evaluating Decimal Floating Point data types
      • 14.23.4.1 Printing type of Decimal Floating Point variable
  • 14.24 Additional Support for binary floating point data type
    • 14.24.1 Support for Binary Floating Point constants f, l
    • 14.24.2 Support Binary Floating Point variables with format specifier
  • 14.25 Language support
    • 14.25.1 Enhanced Java Debugging Support
      • 14.25.1.1 Java Stack Unwind Features
      • 14.25.1.2 gdb Subcommands for Java VM Debugging
      • 14.25.1.3 Java corefile debugging support
      • 14.25.1.4 Java attach mode debugging support
    • 14.25.2 Enhanced support for C++ templates
    • 14.25.3 Support for _ _fpreg data type on IPF
    • 14.25.4 Support for _Complex variables in HP C
    • 14.25.5 Support for debugging namespaces
    • 14.25.6 Command for evaluating the address of an expression
  • 14.26 Viewing Wide Character Strings
  • 14.27 Support for output logging
    • 14.27.1 Support for dumping array in an ASCII file
    • 14.27.2 Support for Fortran array slices
    • 14.27.3 Displaying enumerators
    • 14.27.4 Support for debugging typedefs
    • 14.27.5 Support for steplast command for C and C++
  • 14.28 Getting information from a non-debug executable
  • 14.29 Debugging optimized code
    • 14.29.1 Debugging Optimized Code at Various Optimization Levels
      • 14.29.1.1 +O0 and +O1
      • 14.29.1.2 +O2/+O3/+O4/-ipo
  • 14.30 Debugging with ARIES
    • 14.30.1 Debugging the application using GDB under ARIES
      • 14.30.1.1 Limitations of GDB Support under ARIES
    • 14.30.2 Attaching GDB to an already running emulated process
    • 14.30.3 Detecting memory leaks using GDB under ARIES
  • 14.31 Visual Interface for WDB
    • 14.31.1 Starting and stopping Visual Interface for WDB
    • 14.31.2 Navigating the Visual Interface for WDB display
    • 14.31.3 Specifying foreground and background colors
    • 14.31.4 Using the X-window graphical interface
    • 14.31.5 Using the TUI mode
    • 14.31.6 Changing the size of the source or debugger pane
    • 14.31.7 Using commands to browse through source files
    • 14.31.8 Loading source files
    • 14.31.9 Editing source files
    • 14.31.10 Editing the command line and command-line history
    • 14.31.11 Saving the contents of a debugging session to a file
  • 14.32 Support for ddd
  • 14.33 Support for XDB commands
    • 14.33.1 stop in/at dbx commands
  • 14.34 GNU GDB Logging Commands
  • 14.35 Support for command line calls in a stripped executable
    • 14.35.1 Support for command line calls in a stripped executable on PA-RISC systems
    • 14.35.2 Additional support for command line calls in a stripped executable
      • 14.35.2.1 For 32-bit applications:
      • 14.35.2.2 For 64-bit applications
    • 14.35.3 Support for debugging stripped binaries
      • 14.35.3.1 Printing of locals and globals in a stripped module
      • 14.35.3.2 Backtrace on stripped frames
      • 14.35.3.3 Command line calls to non-stripped library
      • 14.35.3.4 Setting breakpoints in unstripped shared library
  • 14.36 Displaying the current block scope information
  • 14.37 Linux support
• 15 The HP-UX Terminal User Interface
  • 15.1 Starting the TUI
  • 15.2 Automatically running a program at startup
  • 15.3 Screen Layouts
    • 15.3.1 Source pane
    • 15.3.2 Disassembly pane
    • 15.3.3 Source/Disassembly pane
    • 15.3.4 Disassembly/Register pane
    • 15.3.5 Source/Register pane
  • 15.4 Cycling through the panes
  • 15.5 Changing pane focus
  • 15.6 Scrolling panes
  • 15.7 Changing the register display
  • 15.8 Changing the pane size
  • 15.9 Refreshing and updating the window
• 16 XDB to WDB Transition Guide
  • 16.1 By-function lists of XDB commands and HP WDB equivalents
    • 16.1.1 Invocation commands
    • 16.1.2 Window mode commands
    • 16.1.3 File viewing commands
    • 16.1.4 Source directory mapping commands
    • 16.1.5 Data Viewing and modification commands
    • 16.1.6 Stack viewing commands
    • 16.1.7 Status-viewing command
    • 16.1.8 Job control commands
  • 16.2 Overall breakpoint commands
    • 16.2.1 Auxiliary breakpoint commands
    • 16.2.2 Breakpoint creation commands
    • 16.2.3 Breakpoint status commands
    • 16.2.4 All-procedures breakpoint commands
    • 16.2.5 Global breakpoint commands
    • 16.2.6 Assertion control commands
    • 16.2.7 Record and playback commands
    • 16.2.8 Macro facility commands
    • 16.2.9 Signal control commands
    • 16.2.10 Miscellaneous commands
  • 16.3 XDB data formats and HP WDB equivalents
  • 16.4 XDB location syntax and HP WDB equivalents
  • 16.5 XDB special language operators and HP WDB equivalents
  • 16.6 XDB special variables and HP WDB equivalents
  • 16.7 XDB variable identifiers and HP WDB equivalents
  • 16.8 Alphabetical lists of XDB commands and HP WDB equivalents
    • 16.8.1 A
    • 16.8.2 B
    • 16.8.3 C through D
    • 16.8.4 F through K
    • 16.8.5 L
    • 16.8.6 M through P
    • 16.8.7 Q through S
    • 16.8.8 T
    • 16.8.9 U through Z
    • 16.8.10 Symbols
• 17 Controlling GDB
  • 17.1 Setting the GDB Prompt
  • 17.2 Setting Command Editing Options in GDB
  • 17.3 Setting Command History Feature in GDB
  • 17.4 Setting the GDB Screen Size
  • 17.5 Supported Number Formats
  • 17.6 Optional warnings and messages
  • 17.7 Optional messages about internal happenings
• 18 Canned Sequences of Commands
  • 18.1 User-defined commands
  • 18.2 User-defined command hooks
  • 18.3 Command files
  • 18.4 Commands for controlled output
• 19 Using GDB under gnu Emacs
• 20 GDB Annotations
  • 20.1 What is an annotation?
  • 20.2 The server prefix
  • 20.3 Values
  • 20.4 Frames
  • 20.5 Displays
  • 20.6 Annotation for GDB input
  • 20.7 Errors
  • 20.8 Information on breakpoints
  • 20.9 Invalidation notices
  • 20.10 Running the program
  • 20.11 Displaying source
  • 20.12 Annotations We Might Want in the Future
• 21 The GDB/MI Interface
  • 21.1 GDB/MI Command Syntax
    • 21.1.1 GDB/MI Input syntax
    • 21.1.2 GDB/MI Output syntax
    • 21.1.3 Simple examples of GDB/MI interaction
  • 21.2 GDB/MI compatibility with CLI
  • 21.3 GDB/MI output records
    • 21.3.1 GDB/MI result records
    • 21.3.2 GDB/MI stream records
    • 21.3.3 GDB/MI out-of-band records
  • 21.4 GDB/MI command description format
  • 21.5 GDB/MI breakpoint table commands
  • 21.6 GDB/MI Data manipulation
  • 21.7 GDB/MI program control
  • 21.8 Miscellaneous GDB commands in GDB/MI
  • 21.9 GDB/MI Stack Manipulation Commands
  • 21.10 GDB/MI Symbol query commands
  • 21.11 GDB/MI Target Manipulation Commands
  • 21.12 GDB/MI thread commands
  • 21.13 GDB/MI tracepoint commands
  • 21.14 GDB/MI variable objects
• 22 Reporting Bugs in GDB
  • 22.1 Have you found a bug?
  • 22.2 How to report bugs
• A Installing GDB
  • A.1 Compiling GDB in another directory
  • A.2 Specifying names for hosts and targets
  • A.3 configure options