Garmin GPS 500 - Manual (Page 227)

GPS 500 Pilot’s Guide and Reference
SECTION 13 – FAULT DETECTION
AND EXCLUSION
13-1
SECTION 13: FAULT DETECTION
AND EXCLUSION
NOTE: This section is intended for pilots
experienced with the operation of the GPS 500
and are familiar with RAIM. For more information
regarding RAIM, see sections 8.3 and 8.4 of this
manual.
FDE is an acronym that stands for Fault Detection and
Exclusion. FDE was incorporated in the Garmin GPS
500 Main and GPS Software version 3.00 and higher.
FDE algorithms, provide a basis for approval per the
requirements for ‘GPS as a Primary Means of Navigation for
Oceanic/Remote Operations’ per FAA Notice N8110.60.
The oceanic flight phase is used by the GPS 500 when the
aircraft is more than 200 nm from the nearest airport. FDE
requires no pilot interaction during flight, but predicting
the capability of the GPS constellation to provide service
during a flight is done by the pilot prior to departure.
13.1 DETECTION AND EXCLUSION
FDE consists of two distinct parts, fault detection
and fault exclusion. The detection function refers to
the capability to detect a satellite failure which can affect
navigation. Upon detection, the exclusion function
excludes one or more failed satellites and prevent them
from being used during navigation. This allows the GPS to
return to normal performance without interruption. The
process is entirely automated and does not require pilot
interaction during flight. On the Satellite Status Page,
the pilot can view information related to FDE operation.
To enhance safety, FDE functionality is provided for
other phases of flight (non-precision approach, terminal,
enroute). The FDE functionality for non-oceanic flight
phases adheres to the same missed alert probability, false
alert probability, and failed exclusion probability specified
by N8110.60.
Figure 13-1 shows satellite number 9 exclusion during
oceanic phase of flight. No message notifying the user
of exclusion appears. In addition to the EPE and DOP
fields, there is the Horizontal Uncertainty Level (HUL)
field which displays a 99% confidence level that the
aircraft position is within a circle with a radius of the value
displayed in the HUL field.
Oceanic
Mode
Excluded Satellite
(Checkered Pattern)
Horizontal Uncertainty
Level
Figure 13-1 Satellite Status Page
190-00181-60 Rev. G