Document Outline

• TNC 640
• Controls of the TNC
  • Keys on visual display unit
  • Alphanumeric keyboard
  • Machine operating modes
  • Programming modes
  • Program/file management, TNC functions
  • Navigation keys
  • Potentiometer for feed rate and spindle speed
  • Cycles, subprograms and program section repeats
  • Tool functions
  • Programming path movements
  • Special functions
  • Entering and editing coordinate axes and numbers
• Fundamentals
  • About this manual
    • Would you like any changes, or have you found any errors?
  • TNC model, software and features
    • Software options
    • Feature Content Level (upgrade functions)
    • Intended place of operation
    • Legal information
    • New functions
• Contents
• 1 First Steps with the TNC 640
  • 1.1 Overview
  • 1.2 Machine switch-on
    • Acknowledging the power interruption and moving to the reference points
  • 1.3 Programming the first part
    • Selecting the correct operating mode
    • The most important TNC keys
    • Creating a new program/file management
    • Defining a workpiece blank
    • Program layout
    • Programming a simple contour
    • Creating a cycle program
  • 1.4 Graphically testing the first part
    • Selecting the correct operating mode
    • Selecting the tool table for the test run
    • Choosing the program you want to test
    • Selecting the screen layout and the view
    • Starting the test run
  • 1.5 Setting up tools
    • Selecting the correct operating mode
    • Preparing and measuring tools
    • The tool table TOOL.T
    • The pocket table TOOL_P.TCH
  • 1.6 Workpiece setup
    • Selecting the correct operating mode
    • Clamping the workpiece
    • Datum setting with 3-D touch probe
  • 1.7 Running the first program
    • Selecting the correct operating mode
    • Choosing the program you want to run
    • Start the program
• 2 Introduction
  • 2.1 The TNC 640
    • Programming: HEIDENHAIN conversational and ISO formats
    • Compatibility
  • 2.2 Visual display unit and operating panel
    • Display screen
    • Setting the screen layout
    • Control Panel
  • 2.3 Modes of Operation
    • Manual Operation and El. Handwheel
    • Positioning with Manual Data Input
    • Programming
    • Test Run
    • Program Run, Full Sequence and Program Run, Single Block
  • 2.4 Status displays
    • "General" status display
    • Additional status displays
  • 2.5 Window Manager
    • Task bar
  • 2.6 SELinux security software
  • 2.7 Accessories: HEIDENHAIN 3-D Touch Probes and Electronic Handwheels
    • 3-D touch probes
    • HR electronic handwheels
• 3 Programming: Fundamentals, file management
  • 3.1 Fundamentals
    • Position encoders and reference marks
    • Reference system
    • Reference system on milling machines
    • Designation of the axes on milling machines
    • Polar coordinates
    • Absolute and incremental workpiece positions
    • Selecting the datum
  • 3.2 Opening programs and entering
    • Organization of an NC program in HEIDENHAIN Conversational format
    • Define the blank: BLK FORM
    • Opening a new part program
    • Programming tool movements in conversational
    • Actual position capture
    • Editing a program
    • The TNC search function
  • 3.3 File manager: Fundamentals
    • Files
    • Displaying externally generated files on the TNC
    • Data Backup
  • 3.4 Working with the file manager
    • Directories
    • Paths
    • Overview: Functions of the file manager
    • Calling the file manager
    • Selecting drives, directories and files
    • Creating a new directory
    • Creating a new file
    • Copying a single file
    • Copying files into another directory
    • Copying a table
    • Copying a directory
    • Choosing one of the last files selected
    • Deleting a file
    • Deleting a directory
    • Tagging files
    • Renaming a file
    • Sorting files
    • Additional functions
    • Additional tools for management of external file types
    • Data transfer to/from an external data medium
    • The TNC in a network
    • USB devices on the TNC
• 4 Programming: Programming aids
  • 4.1 Adding comments
    • Application
    • Entering comments during programming
    • Inserting comments after program entry
    • Entering a comment in a separate block
    • Functions for editing of the comment
  • 4.2 Display of NC Programs
    • Syntax highlighting
    • Scrollbar
  • 4.3 Structuring programs
    • Definition and applications
    • Displaying the program structure window / Changing the active window
    • Inserting a structuring block in the (left) program window
    • Selecting blocks in the program structure window
  • 4.4 Calculator
    • Operation
  • 4.5 Cutting data calculator
    • Application
  • 4.6 Programming graphics
    • Generate/do not generate graphics during programming
    • Generating a graphic for an existing program
    • Block number display ON/OFF
    • Erasing the graphic
    • Showing grid lines
    • Magnification or reduction of details
  • 4.7 Error messages
    • Display of errors
    • Open the error window
    • Closing the error window
    • Detailed error messages
    • INTERNAL INFO soft key
    • Clearing errors
    • Error log
    • Keystroke log
    • Informational texts
    • Saving service files
    • Calling the TNCguide help system
  • 4.8 TNCguide context-sensitive help system
    • Application
    • Working with the TNCguide
    • Downloading current help files
• 5 Programming: Tools
  • 5.1 Entering tool-related data
    • Feed rate F
    • Spindle speed S
  • 5.2 Tool data
    • Requirements for tool compensation
    • Tool number, tool name
    • Tool length L
    • Tool radius R
    • Delta values for lengths and radii
    • Entering tool data into the program
    • Enter tool data into the table
    • Importing tool tables
    • Pocket table for tool changer
    • Call tool data
    • Tool change
    • Tool usage test
    • Tool management (software option)
  • 5.3 Tool compensation
    • Introduction
    • Tool length compensation
    • Tool radius compensation
• 6 Programming: Programming contours
  • 6.1 Tool movements
    • Path functions
    • FK free contour programming
    • Miscellaneous functions M
    • Subprograms and program section repeats
    • Programming with Q parameters
  • 6.2 Fundamentals of Path Functions
    • Programming tool movements for workpiece machining
  • 6.3 Approaching and departing a contour
    • Overview: Types of paths for contour approach and departure
    • Important positions for approach and departure
    • Approaching on a straight line with tangential connection: APPR LT
    • Approaching on a straight line perpendicular to the first contour point: APPR LN
    • Approaching on a circular path with tangential connection: APPR CT
    • Approaching on a circular path with tangential connection from a straight line to the contour: APPR LCT
    • Departing in a straight line with tangential connection: DEP LT
    • Departing in a straight line perpendicular to the last contour point: DEP LN
    • Departing on a circular path with tangential connection: DEP CT
    • Departing on a circular arc tangentially connecting the contour and a straight line: DEP LCT
  • 6.4 Path contours - Cartesian coordinates
    • Overview of path functions
    • Straight line L
    • Inserting a chamfer between two straight lines
    • Corner rounding RND
    • Circle center CC
    • Circular path C around circle center CC
    • CircleCR with defined radius
    • Circle CT with tangential connection
    • Example: Linear movements and chamfers with Cartesian coordinates
    • Example: Circular movements with Cartesian coordinates
    • Example: Full circle with Cartesian coordinates
  • 6.5 Path contours – Polar coordinates
    • Overview
    • Zero point for polar coordinates: pole CC
    • Straight line LP
    • Circular path CP around pole CC
    • Circle CTP with tangential connection
    • Helix
    • Example: Linear movement with polar coordinates
    • Example: Helix
  • 6.6 Path contours – FK free contour programming
    • Fundamentals
    • FK programming graphics
    • Initiating the FK dialog
    • Pole for FK programming
    • Free straight line programming
    • Free circular path programming
    • Input options
    • Auxiliary points
    • Relative data
    • Example: FK programming 1
    • Example: FK programming 2
    • Example: FK programming 3
• 7 Programming: Data transfer from DXF files or plain-language contours
  • 7.1 Processing DXF Files (Software Option)
    • Application
    • Opening a DXF file
    • Working with the DXF converter
    • Basic settings
    • Setting layers
    • Defining the datum
    • Selecting and saving a contour
    • Selecting and saving machining positions
• 8 Programming: Subprograms and program section repeats
  • 8.1 Labeling Subprograms and Program Section Repeats
    • Label
  • 8.2 Subprograms
    • Operating sequence
    • Programming notes
    • Programming a subprogram
    • Calling a subprogram
  • 8.3 Program-section repeats
    • Label LBL
    • Operating sequence
    • Programming notes
    • Programming a program section repeat
    • Calling a program section repeat
  • 8.4 Any desired program as subprogram
    • Operating sequence
    • Programming notes
    • Calling any program as a subprogram
  • 8.5 Nesting
    • Types of nesting
    • Nesting depth
    • Subprogram within a subprogram
    • Repeating program section repeats
    • Repeating a subprogram
  • 8.6 Programming examples
    • Example: Milling a contour in several infeeds
    • Example: Groups of holes
    • Example: Group of holes with several tools
• 9 Programming: Q Parameters
  • 9.1 Principle and overview of functions
    • Programming notes
    • Calling Q parameter functions
  • 9.2 Part families—Q parameters in place of numerical values
    • Application
  • 9.3 Describing contours with mathematical functions
    • Application
    • Overview
    • Programming fundamental operations
  • 9.4 Angle functions (trigonometry)
    • Definitions
    • Programming trigonometric functions
  • 9.5 Calculation of circles
    • Application
  • 9.6 If-then decisions with Q parameters
    • Application
    • Unconditional jumps
    • Programming if-then decisions
    • Abbreviations used:
  • 9.7 Checking and changing Q parameters
    • Procedure
  • 9.8 Additional functions
    • Overview
    • FN 14: ERROR: Displaying error messages
    • FN 16: F-PRINT: Output of formatted texts and Q parameter values
    • FN 18: SYS-DATUM READ: Reading system data
    • FN 19: PLC: Transfer values to PLC
    • FN 20: WAIT FOR: NC and PLC synchronization
    • FN 29: PLC: Transfer values to the PLC
    • FN 37: EXPORT
  • 9.9 Accessing tables with SQL commands
    • Introduction
    • A transaction
    • Programming SQL commands
    • Overview of the soft keys
    • SQL BIND
    • SQL SELECT
    • SQL FETCH
    • SQL UPDATE
    • SQL INSERT
    • SQL COMMIT
    • SQL ROLLBACK
  • 9.10 Entering formulas directly
    • Entering formulas
    • Rules for formulas
    • Programming example
  • 9.11 String parameters
    • String processing functions
    • Assigning string parameters
    • Chain-linking string parameters
    • Converting a numerical value to a string parameter
    • Copying a substring from a string parameter
    • Converting a string parameter to a numerical value
    • Checking a string parameter
    • Finding the length of a string parameter
    • Comparing alphabetic sequence
    • Reading machine parameters
  • 9.12 Preassigned Q parameters
    • Values from the PLC: Q100 to Q107
    • Active tool radius: Q108
    • Tool axis: Q109
    • Spindle status: Q110
    • Coolant on/off: Q111
    • Overlap factor: Q112
    • Unit of measurement for dimensions in the program: Q113
    • Tool length: Q114
    • Coordinates after probing during program run
    • Deviation between actual value and nominal value during automatic tool measurement with the TT 130
    • Tilting the working plane with mathematical angles: rotary axis coordinates calculated by the TNC
    • Measurement results from touch probe cycles (see also User’s Manual for Cycle Programming)
  • 9.13 Programming examples
    • Example: Ellipse
    • Example: Concave cylinder machined with spherical cutter
    • Example: Convex sphere machined with end mill
• 10 Programming: Miscellaneous functions
  • 10.1 Entering miscellaneous functions M and STOP
    • Fundamentals
  • 10.2 M functions for program run inspection, spindle and coolant
    • Overview
  • 10.3 Miscellaneous functions for coordinate data
    • Programming machine-referenced coordinates: M91/M92
    • Moving to positions in a non-tilted coordinate system with a tilted working plane: M130
  • 10.4 Miscellaneous functions for path behavior
    • Machining small contour steps: M97
    • Machining open contour corners: M98
    • Feed rate factor for plunging movements: M103
    • Feed rate in millimeters per spindle revolution: M136
    • Feed rate for circular arcs: M109/M110/M111
    • Calculating the radius-compensated path in advance (LOOK AHEAD): M120
    • Superimposing handwheel positioning during program run: M118
    • Retraction from the contour in the tool-axis direction: M140
    • Suppressing touch probe monitoring: M141
    • Deleting basic rotation: M143
    • Automatically retract tool from the contour at an NC stop: M148
    • Rounding corners: M197
• 11 Programming: Special functions
  • 11.1 Overview of special functions
    • Main menu for SPEC FCT special functions
    • Program defaults menu
    • Functions for contour and point machining menu
    • Menu of various conversational functions
  • 11.2 Dynamic Collision Monitoring (software option)
    • Function
    • Collision monitoring in the manual operating modes
    • Collision monitoring in Automatic operation
    • Graphic depiction of the protected space
  • 11.3 Adaptive Feed Control Software Option (AFC)
    • Application
    • Defining the AFC basic settings
    • Recording a teach-in cut
    • Activating/deactivating AFC
    • Log file
    • Tool breakage/tool wear monitoring
    • Spindle load monitoring
  • 11.4 Active Chatter Control (ACC; software option)
    • Application
    • Activating/deactivating ACC
  • 11.5 Working with the Parallel Axes U, V and W
    • Overview
    • FUNCTION PARAXCOMP DISPLAY
    • FUNCTION PARAXCOMP MOVE
    • FUNCTION PARAXCOMP OFF
    • FUNCTION PARAXMODE
    • FUNCTION PARAXMODE OFF
  • 11.6 File functions
    • Application
    • Defining file functions
  • 11.7 Definition of a datum shift
    • Overview
    • TRANS DATUM AXIS
    • TRANS DATUM TABLE
    • TRANS DATUM RESET
  • 11.8 Creating Text Files
    • Application
    • Opening and exiting text files
    • Editing texts
    • Deleting and re-inserting characters, words and lines
    • Editing text blocks
    • Finding text sections
  • 11.9 Freely definable tables
    • Fundamentals
    • Creating a freely definable table
    • Editing the table format
    • Switching between table and form view
    • FN 26: TAPOPEN: Open a freely definable table
    • FN 27: TAPWRITE: Write to a freely definable table
    • FN 28: TAPREAD: Read from a freely definable table
• 12 Programming: Multiple Axis Machining
  • 12.1 Functions for multiple axis machining
  • 12.2 The PLANE Function: Tilting the Working Plane (Software Option 1)
    • Introduction
    • Defining the PLANE function
    • Position display
    • Resetting the PLANE function
    • Defining the working plane with the spatial angle: PLANE SPATIAL
    • Defining the working plane with the projection angle: PLANE PROJECTED
    • Defining the working plane with the Euler angle: PLANE EULER
    • Defining the working plane with two vectors: PLANE VECTOR
    • Defining the working plane via three points: PLANE POINTS
    • Defining the working plane via a single incremental spatial angle: PLANE SPATIAL
    • Tilting the working plane through axis angle: PLANE AXIAL (FCL 3 function)
    • Specifying the positioning behavior of the PLANE function
  • 12.3 Inclined-tool machining in a tilted machining plane (software option 2)
    • Function
    • Inclined-tool machining via incremental traverse of a rotary axis
    • Inclined-tool machining via normal vectors
  • 12.4 Miscellaneous functions for rotary axes
    • Feed rate in mm/min on rotary axes A, B, C: M116 (software option 1)
    • Shortest-path traverse of rotary axes: M126
    • Reducing display of a rotary axis to a value less than 360°: M94
    • Maintaining the position of the tool tip when positioning with tilted axes (TCPM): M128 (software option 2)
    • Selecting tilting axes: M138
    • Compensating the machine’s kinematics configuration for ACTUAL/NOMINAL positions at end of block: M144 (software option 2)
  • 12.5 FUNCTION TCPM (software option 2)
    • Function
    • Defining the TCPM FUNCTION
    • Mode of action of the programmed feed rate
    • Interpretation of the programmed rotary axis coordinates
    • Type of interpolation between the starting and end position
    • Resetting the TCPM FUNCTION
  • 12.6 Three-dimensional tool compensation (software option 2)
    • Introduction
    • Definition of a normalized vector
    • Permitted tool shapes
    • Using other tools: Delta values
    • 3-D compensation without TCPM
    • Face Milling: 3D compensation with TCPM
    • Peripheral Milling: 3-D radius compensation with TCPM and radius compensation (RL/RR)
• 13 Programming: Pallet editor
  • 13.1 Pallet Management
    • Application
    • Select pallet table
    • Exiting the pallet file
    • Run pallet file
• 14 Programming: Turning Operations
  • 14.1 Turning Operations on Milling Machines (Software Option 50)
    • Introduction
  • 14.2 Basis Functions (Software Option 50)
    • Switching between milling/turning mode of operation
    • Graphical display of turning operations
    • Program spindle speed
    • Feed rate
    • Tool call
    • Tool compensation in the program
    • Tool data
    • Tool tip radius compensation TRC
    • Recessing and undercutting
    • Inclined turning
  • 14.3 Unbalance Functions
    • Unbalance while turning
    • Measure Unbalance cycle
• 15 Manual operation and setup
  • 15.1 Switch-on, switch-off
    • Switch-on
    • Switch-off
  • 15.2 Moving the machine axes
    • Note
    • Moving the axis with the machine axis direction buttons
    • Incremental jog positioning
    • Traverse with electronic handwheels
  • 15.3 Spindle speed S, feed rate F and miscellaneous function M
    • Application
    • Entering values
    • Adjusting spindle speed and feed rate
    • Activating feed-rate limitation
  • 15.4 Functional safety FS (option)
    • Miscellaneous
    • Explanation of terms
    • Checking the axis positions
    • Activating feed-rate limitation
    • Additional status displays
  • 15.5 Datum setting without a 3-D touch probe
    • Note
    • Preparation
    • Workpiece presetting with axis keys
    • Datum management with the preset table
  • 15.6 Using 3-D touch probes
    • Overview
    • Functions in touch probe cycles
    • Selecting touch probe cycles
    • Recording measured values from the touch-probe cycles
    • Writing measured values from the touch probe cycles in a datum table
    • Writing measured values from the touch probe cycles in the preset table
  • 15.7 Calibrating a 3-D touch trigger probe
    • Introduction
    • Calibrating the effective length
    • Calibrating the effective radius and compensating center misalignment
    • Displaying calibration values
  • 15.8 Compensating workpiece misalignment with 3-D touch probe
    • Introduction
    • Identifying basic rotation
    • Saving a basic rotation in the preset table
    • Compensation of workpiece misalignment by rotating the table
    • Displaying a basic rotation
    • Canceling a basic rotation
  • 15.9 Datum Setting with 3-D Touch Probe
    • Overview
    • Datum setting in any axis
    • Corner as datum
    • Circle center as datum
    • Setting a center line as datum
    • Measuring workpieces with a 3-D touch probe
    • Using touch probe functions with mechanical probes or measuring dials
  • 15.10 Tilting the working plane (software option 1)
    • Application, function
    • Traversing reference points in tilted axes
    • Position display in a tilted system
    • Limitations on working with the tilting function
    • To activate manual tilting:
    • Setting the current tool-axis direction as the active machining direction
    • Setting the datum in a tilted coordinate system
• 16 Positioning with Manual Data Input
  • 16.1 Programming and executing simple machining operations
    • Positioning with manual data input (MDI)
    • Protecting and erasing programs in $MDI
• 17 Test run and program run
  • 17.1 Graphics
    • Application
    • Speed of the Setting test runs
    • Overview: Display modes
    • Plan view
    • Projection in three planes
    • 3-D view
    • Repeating graphic simulation
    • Tool display
    • Measurement of machining time
  • 17.2 Showing the workpiece blank in the working space
    • Application
  • 17.3 Functions for program display
    • Overview
  • 17.4 Test Run
    • Application
  • 17.5 Program run
    • Application
    • Running a part program
    • Interrupt machining
    • Moving the machine axes during an interruption
    • Resuming program run after an interruption
    • Retraction after a power interruption
    • Any entry into program (mid-program startup)
    • Returning to the contour
  • 17.6 Automatic program start
    • Application
  • 17.7 Optional block skip
    • Application
    • Inserting the "/" character
    • Erasing the "/" character
  • 17.8 Optional program-run interruption
    • Application
• 18 MOD functions
  • 18.1 MOD function
    • Selecting MOD functions
    • Changing the settings
    • Exiting MOD functions
    • Overview of MOD functions
  • 18.2 Graphic settings
  • 18.3 Machine settings
    • External access
    • Tool usage file
    • Select kinematics
  • 18.4 System settings
    • Set the system time
  • 18.5 Position Display Types
    • Application
  • 18.6 Unit of Measurement
    • Application
  • 18.7 Displaying operating times
    • Application
  • 18.8 Software numbers
    • Application
  • 18.9 Entering the code number
    • Application
  • 18.10 Setting up data interfaces
    • Serial interfaces on the TNC 640
    • Application
    • Setting the RS-232 interface
    • Setting the BAUD RATE (baudRate)
    • Setting the protocol (protocol)
    • Setting data bits (dataBits)
    • Check parity (parity)
    • Setting the stop bits (stopBits)
    • Setting handshaking (flowControl)
    • File system for file operations (fileSystem)
    • Settings for data transfer with the TNCserver PC software
    • Setting the operating mode of the external device (fileSystem)
    • Data transfer software
  • 18.11 Ethernet interface
    • Introduction
    • Connection options
    • Configuring the TNC
  • 18.12 Firewall
    • Application
  • 18.13 Configure HR 550 FS wireless handwheel
    • Application
    • Assigning the handwheel to a specific handwheel holder
    • Setting the transmission channel
    • Selecting the transmitter power
    • Statistical data
  • 18.14 Load machine configuration
    • Application
• 19 Tables and overviews
  • 19.1 Machine-specific user parameters
    • Application
  • 19.2 Connector pin layout and connection cables for data interfaces
    • RS-232-C/V.24 interface for HEIDENHAIN devices
    • Non-HEIDENHAIN devices
    • Ethernet interface RJ45 socket
  • 19.3 Technical Information
  • 19.4 Overview tables
    • Fixed cycles
    • Miscellaneous functions
  • 19.5 Functions of the TNC 640 and the iTNC 530 compared
    • Comparison: Specifications
    • Comparison: Data interfaces
    • Comparison: Accessories
    • Comparison: PC software
    • Comparison: Machine-specific functions
    • Comparison: User functions
    • Comparator: Cycles
    • Comparison: Miscellaneous functions
    • Comparison: Touch probe cycles in the Manual Operation and El. Handwheel modes
    • Comparison: Touch probe cycles for automatic workpiece inspection
    • Comparison: Differences in programming
    • Comparison: Differences in Test Run, functionality
    • Comparison: Differences in Test Run, operation
    • Comparison: Differences in Manual Operation, functionality
    • Comparison: Differences in Manual Operation, operation
    • Comparison: Differences in Program Run, operation
    • Comparison: Differences in Program Run, traverse movements
    • Comparison: Differences in MDI operation
    • Comparison: Differences in programming station
• Index