Speck Electronics EQ16 - Manual (Page 21)

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We hope to give you basic information on the operation of the Model
EQ16 and adequately describe its controls, switches, and connectors.
The information in this manual is intended to help with the technical
process when using your Model EQ16. Words alone could not
adequately describe how to adjust the controls on the EQ16. Your ears
should be your best gauge of how to adjust the frequencies to make the
sound fit your requirements.
A parametric equalizer falls into the generic category called filters. A
filter is an electronic circuit that allows signals of certain frequencies
to be transmitted through a system, while preventing the transmission of
other frequency ranges.
There are 3 basic types of passive or active filters; low-pass, high-pass
and bandpass.
A low-pass filter is a circuit that passes all low frequency signals and
rejects high frequency signals. The crossover point that low frequencies
pass through can be either fixed at a specific point or variable.
A high-pass filter is a circuit that passes all high frequency signals and
rejects low frequency signals. The crossover point that high frequencies
pass through can be either fixed at a specific point or variable.
A bandpass filter is a circuit that will pass only a fixed frequency band
and reject signals above and below the selected band. A parametric
equalizer is a very elaborate bandpass filter that offers the ability to
control the filter's basic parameters - hence the term "Parametric
Equalizer". These controllable parameters are the bandpass center
frequency, the amplitude of the bandpass frequency, and the width of the
bandpass frequency. These previously mentioned parameters as found
on audio parametric equalizers are commonly known as the sweep
control, boost/cut control, and bandwidth (Q) adjust respectively.
General
Basic Theory of
Equalizers
Operation
Low-pass filter
High-pass filter
Bandpass filter
Chapter 4 Operation Section