FOCUS Enhancements FS453 - Manual (Page 4)

FS453/4 AND FS455/6 DATA SHEET: HARDWARE REFERENCE
1. Introduction
1.1 General Description
The FS453 PC to TV Video Scan Converter provides broadcast-quality scan conversion for graphics
cards, motherboard chip sets, video game consoles, consumer electronics and other PC-to-TV
applications. Compatible with most graphics controller chips (GCC), the FS453 takes in high-resolution
computer graphics input (VGA through SXGA) and produces SDTV (Standard Definition Television) or
HDTV (High Definition Television) analog output. In SDTV mode the FS453 converts, scales, removes
flicker, interlaces and encodes the data into NTSC or PAL formats. In HDTV mode, it performs color
space conversions and then inserts the required syncs for output. The FS453's patented technology
enables it to scale the converted image to fill the TV screen and display flicker-free graphics with sharply
defined text.
1.2 How does it work?
The FS453 provides a glueless digital interface to most GCCs. It accepts computer-generated digital
graphics input in RGB or YCrCb format. The FS453 receives initialization and basic configuration
information through its I2C*-compatible SIO port with simple register Read/Write commands. How the
FS453 actually processes and converts the graphics information depends on the kind of video output
selected. (Refer to Figure 1: FS453 Functional Block Diagram on page 5.)
1.2.1 SDTV Output
For example, to create SDTV output the FS453 first changes RGB video to YCrCb. It uses patented
technology to scale (in other words, to proportionately increase or decrease) the number of video lines
and pixels per line to correspond to the specific SDTV standard. This allows the FS453 to precisely fill
the user's television screen without adding artifacts such as blank areas, or distorting the graphics image.
The FS453 uses more patented technology to adaptively remove the flicker effects common to SDTV
while keeping fine detail (such as text) clear and sharp. The FS453 then encodes the processed image
into broadcast quality, interlaced SDTV video and sends it out through the DACs. For European SCART
output, the FS453 converts the image into RGB video and sends the R, G and B signals through separate
DACs.
1.2.2 HDTV Output
To convert high-resolution computer graphics to high resolution HDTV output the FS453 converts the
digital video (whether RGB or YCrCb format) to YPrPb (analog component video). It adds Bi- and Tri-
Level Syncs as required by the selected standard and routes the analog HDTV video through the DACs.
1.2.3 VGA (RGB) Output
The FS453 can also provide VGA output. In this mode, it allows the GCC's RGB images to pass
unchanged directly through to the DACs. The HSync and VSync signals must be driven by the GCC.
1.3 General Physical Requirements
Implementing the FS453 in your system will require very few components – just a 27 MHz clock and
passive parts. The FS453 uses an 80-lead Quad Flat Pack (PQFP) or an 88-lead Fine-pitch Ball Grid
Array (FBGA) package and requires power from +1.8V digital and +3.3V analog supplies.
JANUARY, 2005, VERSION 3.0 4 COPYRIGHT ©2003-4 FOCUS ENHANCEMENTS, INC.
FOCUS Enhancements Semiconductor
* Note: I 2 C is a registered trademark of Philips Corporation. The FS453 Serial I/O bus is similar but not identical to the Philips I 2 C
bus.