Electrical storms, Night effect, Mountain effect – BendixKing CNI 5000 User Manual

Page 12: Coastal refraction

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quency will overlap. For this reason, it is
always wise to make positive identification
of the station being tuned, by switching the
function selector to ANT and listening for
the station call letters.

Electrical Storms.
In the vicinity of electrical storms, an ADF
Indicator pointer tends to swing from the
station tuned toward the center of the
storm. Location of the storm can be useful
information, but erratic behavior of the
pointer should be taken into account.

Night Effect.
This is a disturbance particularly strong just
after sunset and just after dawn. An ADF
indicator pointer may swing erratically at

these times. If possible, tune to the most
powerful station at the lowest frequency. If
this is not possible, take the average of
pointer oscillations to determine relative
station bearing.

Mountain Effect.
Radio waves reflecting from the surface of
mountains may cause the pointer to fluctu-
ate or show an erroneous bearing. This
should be taken into account when taking
bearings over mountainous terrain.

Coastal Refraction.
Radio waves may be refracted when pass-
ing from land to sea or when moving parallel
to the coastline. This should be taken into
account when operating near coastal areas.

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