Laerdal SimMan - Manual (Page 8)

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i) Through the operating SW, the instructor can activate
respiration complications like:
- Pneumothorax
- Breath sounds
- Decreased right and/or left lung compliance
- Stomach Decompression
Torso
a) Anatomically modeled from a human specimen, the torso
demonstrates normal anatomical surface landmarks.
b) SimMan has correct anatomical landmarks for external chest
compressions. Chest compressions will produce carotid pulses,
as well as compression artifacts on the Simulated Patient Monitor.
c) Manikin is equipped with separate defibrillation and ECG
monitoring connectors. The system provides 3-lead ECG readings
(4 connectors).
Caution: The ECG connectors are designed for ECG monitoring only. If
defibrillation is attempted over any of the ECG connectors, high voltages
may be present on one or more of the uncovered connectors during the
shock. (See the "Cautions and Warnings" section.) Defibrillation
attempts via the ECG connectors will also damage the internal
electronics requiring that they be replaced.
d) Manikin is equipped with two defibrillation connectors. ECG
signal can also be monitored across these connectors. Instructor
can, via appropriate keyboard or remote control, command/select
the “Ignore Defib” function. This determines if the defibrillation
shock results in conversion to a selected waiting rhythm. Manual
paddle adapters are supplied for use with manual defibrillators.
Caution: Defibrillation must be performed only over the two
defibrillation connectors. (See the "Cautions and Warnings" section.)
e) Connectors for external pacing are connected to the manikin’s
defibrillation connectors. Patient pads should not be used, as they
do not guarantee sufficient contact. The system has a variable
pacing threshold and the ability to “ignore” pacing. Pacing capture
results in a pulse synchronized with the heart rate and the display
of a paced rhythm on the Simulated Patient Monitor.
Pulses
a) SimMan has physiologically correct palpable pulses:
- Bilateral carotid pulse
- Bilateral Dorsalis Pedis and Posterior Tibal pulses
- Bilateral femoral pulse
- Left radial pulse
- Left brachial pulse
b) The pulses are synchronized to the simulated ECG and,
when activated, the external pacemaker upon capture.
c) The pulse strength is dependant on the selected blood pressure,
but the strength of peripheral pulses can also be manually
controlled to simulate a wider range of clinical conditions.
d) Pulses, once activated, will remain on for approximately
five (5) seconds before reactivation is required.
Important: Care should be taken when palpating pulses. Use of
excessive force results the inability to feel pulse.
Pneumothorax
a) Tension pneumothoraces can be simulated through the inflation
of resealable bladders. Needle decompression can be
performed at:
- Bilateral mid-clavicular line, 2nd intercostal space
- Right mid-axillary line, 5th intercostal space
b) Chest tube insertion can be simulated, and exploration and cut
can be made at left mid-axillary line at (4th and) 5th intercostal
space.
Important: We recommend a 22 (or smaller) gauge needle for decom-
pression of the chest. Using a smaller gauge needle increases the longe-
vity of the chest skin and bladders.
The Chest Tube insertion module is located at the left mid-axillary
site. This module allows chest tube insertion to be performed. A cut
can be made at left mid-axillary line at the (4th and) 5th intercostal
space. To replace the used Chest Tube insertion module, simply
remove from its location and add a new one with the opening
positioned toward the shoulder.
Insert Pads
a) SimMan contains a left thigh pad, gluteal , gluteal, ventro-gluteal
and right deltoid insert pads.
b) The pads can be used for intramuscular and subcutaneous
injection practice.
c) These can be interchanged with optional trauma or nursing
wound modules.
IM/SC Injections
The insert pads are foam filled and can be injected with fluids. The
foam is removable and should be squeezed out (like a sponge) and
allowed to air dry immediately following the practice of these
procedures. Powdering foam pads with talcum powder eases
reinsertion into the skin.
There are four sites for subcutaneous and intramuscular injections,
including right deltoid, gluteal, left thigh, and ventro-gluteal. Using a
22 gauge (or smaller) needle increases the longevity of the "skins".
ECG sites
Defib sites