Retrotec USACE - Manual (Page 108)

86 ENERGY & PROCESS ASSESSMENT PROTOCOL
TABLE 8. ENERGY WASTE AND INEFFICIENCY IN PROCESSES (Continued)
Problem description
Waste/
ineffi ciency
Reference/
appendix
Furnace
operations Dirty burners Ineffi ciency D7.8.1
Improper operating dampers Ineffi ciency D7.8.2
Inoperable, uncalibrated, or poorly adjusted controls ineffi ciency D7.8.3
Combustible gases in the fl ue exhaust Waste D7.8.4
Damaged or missing refractory Waste D7.8.5
Openings used for charging too large for operation Ineffi ciency D7.8.6
Leaks around furnace doors Waste D7.8.7
Temperature not reduced in standby mode Waste D7.8.8
Use of wet and cold materials to be heated in furnaces Waste D7.8.9
Using fast melting rates during low metal demand periods Ineffi ciency D7.8.10
Clean exhaust air warmer than 93 °C (200 °F) being exhausted outside Waste D7.8.11
More than 20% excess oxygen in fl ue gases Ineffi ciency D7.8.12
Furnace or oven cycling on and off at low loads Ineffi ciency D7.8.13
Furnaces with continuously lit pilot. Waste D7.8.14
No automatic stack damper Ineffi ciency D7.8.15
Use of ineffi cient burners (ineffi ciency) Ineffi ciency D7.8.16
Fuel oil too cold for good atomization (ineffi ciency) Ineffi ciency D7.8.17
Heated cooling water is wasted Waste D7.8.18
Use of underfi red heaters (ineffi ciency) Ineffi ciency D7.8.19
Storage Maintaining space temperatures over 20 °C (68 °F) in the winter Waste D7.9.1
Slow large doors used for bringing in and out goods Waste D7.9.2
Signifi cant infi ltration through truck docks Waste D7.9.3
Lighting levels greater than 161 lux (15 footcandles) Waste D7.9.4
Power use for lighting during the daytime Waste D7.9.5