Actron CP9175 OBD II AutoScanner - Manual (Page 54)

A-6
IPC:
Instrument Panel Cluster.
ISC:
Idle Speed Control. A small electric motor mounted on the throttle body
and controlled by the PCM. The PCM can control idle speed by
commanding the ISC to adjust its position.
ISO:
International Organization of Standardization also know as
International Standards Organization.
KAM:
Keep Alive Memory.
Knock Sensor (KS):
Used to detect engine detonation or “knock.” The sensor contains a
piezoelectric element and is threaded into the engine block. Special
construction makes the element sensitive only to engine vibrations
associated with detonation.
Knock:
Uncontrolled ignition of the air/fuel mixture in the cylinder. Also referred
to as detonation or ping. Knock indicates extreme cylinder pressures
or “hotspots” which are causing the air/fuel mixture to detonate
prematurely.
KOEO:
Key On — Engine Off.
KOER:
Key On — Engine Running.
LCD:
Liquid Crystal Display.
LTFT:
Long Term Fuel Trim.
M/T:
Manual transmission or manual transaxle.
MAF:
Mass Air Flow Sensor. Measures the amount and density of air
entering the engine and sends a frequency or voltage signal to the
PCM. The PCM uses this signal in its fuel delivery calculations.
MAP:
Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor. Measures intake manifold
vacuum or pressure and sends a frequency or voltage signal
(depending on sensor type) to the PCM. This gives the PCM
information on engine load for control of fuel delivery, spark advance,
and EGR flow.