Spicer Tandem Drive Axles Service Manual D170, D190, and D590 Series - Manual (Page 36)

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Drive Pinion
14. With 5 tons of force on the press, you should be able
to feel a small amount of drag from the bearing as
you rotate the carrier. If the carrier turns with no
drag at all, the pinion spacer thickness should be
decreased by using a thinner spacer. If the carrier is
hard to turn, the spacer thickness must be
increased.
15. Remove the carrier from the press and reinstall the
pinion nut.
16. Run the nut down with an impact gun. The pinion
should still have the same slight drag that was
obtained in the press.
17. Secure the carrier in a head stand, rotate carrier so
the pinion nut can be torqued.