Document Outline

• TNC Model, Software and Features
  • Intended Area of Application
    • 1 Introduction ..... 27
    • 2 Manual Operation and Setup ..... 39
    • 3 Positioning with Manual Data Input (MDI) ..... 49
    • 4 Programming: Fundamentals of NC, File Management, Programming Aids ..... 53
    • 5 Programming: Tools ..... 95
    • 6 Programming: Programming Contours ..... 115
    • 7 Programming: Miscellaneous Functions ..... 163
    • 8 Programming: Cycles ..... 181
    • 9 Programming: Subprograms and Program Section Repeats ..... 317
    • 10 Programming: Q Parameters ..... 333
    • 11 Test Run and Program Run ..... 399
    • 12 MOD Functions ..... 419
    • 13 Touch Probe Cycles in the Manual and Electronic Handwheel Modes ..... 439
    • 14 Tables and Overviews ..... 459
• Introduction
  • 1.1 The TNC 320
    • Programming: HEIDENHAIN conversational format
    • Compatibility
  • 1.2 Visual Display Unit and Operating Panel
    • Visual display unit
    • Screen layout
    • Operating panel
  • 1.3 Operating Modes
    • Manual operation and electronic handwheel
    • Positioning with Manual Data Input
    • Programming and Editing
    • Test Run
    • Program Run, Full Sequence and Program Run, Single Block
  • 1.4 Status Displays
    • “General” status display
    • Additional status displays
  • 1.5 Accessories: HEIDENHAIN 3-D Touch Probes and Electronic Handwheels
    • 3-D touch probes
    • HR electronic handwheels
• Manual Operation and Setup
  • 2.1 Switch-On, Switch-Off
    • Switch-on
    • Switch-off
  • 2.2 Moving the Machine Axes
    • Note
    • To traverse with the machine axis direction buttons:
    • Incremental jog positioning
    • Traversing with the HR 410 electronic handwheel
  • 2.3 Spindle Speed S, Feed Rate F and Miscellaneous Functions M
    • Function
    • Entering values
    • Changing the spindle speed and feed rate
  • 2.4 Datum Setting (Without a 3-D Touch Probe)
    • Note
    • Preparation
    • Datum setting with axis keys
• Positioning with Manual Data Input (MDI)
  • 3.1 Programming and Executing Simple Machining Operations
    • Positioning with Manual Data Input (MDI)
    • Protecting and erasing programs in $MDI
• Programming: Fundamentals of NC, File Management, Programming Aids
  • 4.1 Fundamentals
    • Position encoders and reference marks
    • Reference system
    • Reference system on milling machines
    • Polar coordinates
    • Absolute and incremental workpiece positions
    • Setting the datum
  • 4.2 File Management: Fundamentals
    • Files
    • Screen keypad
    • Data backup
  • 4.3 Working with the File Manager
    • Directories
    • Paths
    • Overview: Functions of the file manager
    • Calling the file manager
    • Selecting drives, directories and files
    • Creating a new directory
    • Copying a single file
    • Copying a directory
    • Choosing one of the last 10 files selected
    • Deleting a file
    • Deleting a directory
    • Marking files
    • Renaming a file
    • File sorting
    • Additional functions
    • Data transfer to or from an external data medium
    • Copying files into another directory
    • The TNC in a network
    • USB devices on the TNC
  • 4.4 Creating and Writing Programs
    • Organization of an NC program in HEIDENHAIN conversational format
    • Define the blank: BLK FORM
    • Creating a new part program
    • Programming tool movements in conversational format
    • Actual position capture
    • Editing a program
    • The TNC search function
  • 4.5 Interactive Programming Graphics
    • Generating / Not generating graphics during programming:
    • Generating a graphic for an existing program
    • Block number display ON/OFF
    • Erasing the graphic
    • Magnifying or reducing a detail
  • 4.6 Adding Comments
    • Function
    • Adding a comment line
    • Functions for editing of the comment
  • 4.7 Integrated Pocket Calculator
    • Operation
  • 4.8 The Error Messages
    • Display of errors
    • Open the error window
    • Close the error window
    • Detailed error messages
    • INTERNAL INFO soft key
    • Deleting errors
    • Error log
    • Keystroke log
    • Informational texts
    • Saving service files
• Programming: Tools
  • 5.1 Entering Tool-Related Data
    • Feed rate F
    • Spindle speed S
  • 5.2 Tool Data
    • Requirements for tool compensation
    • Tool numbers and tool names
    • Tool length L
    • Tool radius R
    • Delta values for lengths and radii
    • Entering tool data into the program
    • Entering tool data in the table
    • Pocket table for tool changer
    • Calling tool data
    • Tool change
  • 5.3 Tool Compensation
    • Introduction
    • Tool length compensation
    • Tool radius compensation
• Programming: Programming Contours
  • 6.1 Tool Movements
    • Path functions
    • FK Free Contour Programming
    • Miscellaneous functions M
    • Subprograms and program section repeats
    • Programming with Q parameters
  • 6.2 Fundamentals of Path Functions
    • Programming tool movements for workpiece machining
  • 6.3 Contour Approach and Departure
    • Overview: Types of paths for contour approach and departure
    • Important positions for approach and departure
    • Approaching on a straight line with tangential connection: APPR LT
    • Approaching on a straight line perpendicular to the first contour point: APPR LN
    • Approaching on a circular path with tangential connection: APPR CT
    • Approaching on a circular arc with tangential connection from a straight line to the contour: APPR LCT
    • Departing on a straight line with tangential connection: DEP LT
    • Departing on a straight line perpendicular to the last contour point: DEP LN
    • Departure on a circular path with tangential connection: DEP CT
    • Departing on a circular arc tangentially connecting the contour and a straight line: DEP LCT
  • 6.4 Path Contours-Cartesian Coordinates
    • Overview of path functions
    • Straight Line L
    • Inserting a chamfer CHF between two straight lines
    • Corner rounding RND
    • Circle center CC
    • Circular path C around circle center CC
    • Circular path CR with defined radius
    • Circular path CT with tangential connection
  • 6.5 Path Contours-Polar Coordinates
    • Overview
    • Polar coordinate origin: Pole CC
    • Straight line LP
    • Circular path CP around pole CC
    • Circular path CTP with tangential connection
    • Helical interpolation
  • 6.6 Path Contours-FK Free Contour Programming
    • Fundamentals
    • Graphics during FK programming
    • Initiating the FK dialog
    • Pole for FK programming
    • Free programming of straight lines
    • Free programming of circular arcs
    • Input possibilities
    • Auxiliary points
    • Relative data
• Programming: Miscellaneous Functions
  • 7.1 Entering Miscellaneous Functions M and STOP
    • Fundamentals
  • 7.2 Miscellaneous Functions for Program Run Control, Spindle and Coolant
    • Overview
  • 7.3 Programming Machine- Referenced Coordinates: M91/ M92
    • Programming machine-referenced coordinates: M91/M92
  • 7.4 Miscellaneous Functions for Contouring Behavior
    • Machining small contour steps: M97
    • Machining open contours: M98
    • Feed rate for circular arcs: M109/M110/M111
    • Calculating the radius-compensated path in advance (LOOK AHEAD): M120
    • Superimposing handwheel positioning during program run: M118
    • Retraction from the contour in the tool-axis direction: M140
    • Suppressing touch probe monitoring: M141
    • Delete basic rotation: M143
    • Automatically retract tool from the contour at an NC stop: M148
  • 7.5 Miscellaneous Functions for Rotary Axes
    • Feed rate in mm/min on rotary axes A, B, C: M116
    • Shorter-path traverse of rotary axes: M126
    • Reducing display of a rotary axis to a value less than 360˚: M94
• Programming: Cycles
  • 8.1 Working with Cycles
    • Machine-specific cycles
    • Defining a cycle using soft keys
    • Defining a cycle using the GOTO function
    • Calling cycles
  • 8.2 Cycles for Drilling, Tapping and Thread Milling
    • Overview
    • DRILLING (Cycle 200)
    • REAMING (Cycle 201)
    • BORING (Cycle 202)
    • UNIVERSAL DRILLING (Cycle 203)
    • BACK BORING (Cycle 204)
    • UNIVERSAL PECKING (Cycle 205)
    • BORE MILLING (Cycle 208)
    • TAPPING NEW with floating tap holder (Cycle 206)
    • RIGID TAPPING without a floating tap holder NEW (Cycle 207)
    • TAPPING WITH CHIP BREAKING (Cycle 209)
    • Fundamentals of thread milling
    • THREAD MILLING (Cycle 262)
    • THREAD MILLING/COUNTERSINKING (Cycle 263)
    • THREAD DRILLING/MILLING (Cycle 264)
    • HELICAL THREAD DRILLING/MILLING (Cycle 265)
    • OUTSIDE THREAD MILLING (Cycle 267)
  • 8.3 Cycles for Milling Pockets, Studs and Slots
    • Overview
    • POCKET MILLING (Cycle 4)
    • POCKET FINISHING (Cycle 212)
    • STUD FINISHING (Cycle 213)
    • CIRCULAR POCKET (Cycle 5)
    • CIRCULAR POCKET FINISHING (Cycle 214)
    • CIRCULAR STUD FINISHING (Cycle 215)
    • SLOT (oblong hole) with reciprocating plunge- cut (Cycle 210)
    • CIRCULAR SLOT (oblong hole) with reciprocating plunge-cut (Cycle 211)
  • 8.4 Cycles for Machining Point Patterns
    • Overview
    • CIRCULAR PATTERN (Cycle 220)
    • LINEAR PATTERN (Cycle 221)
  • 8.5 SL Cycles
    • Fundamentals
    • Overview of SL cycles
    • CONTOUR GEOMETRY (Cycle 14)
    • Overlapping contours
    • CONTOUR DATA (Cycle 20)
    • PILOT DRILLING (Cycle 21)
    • ROUGH OUT (Cycle 22)
    • FLOOR FINISHING (Cycle 23)
    • SIDE FINISHING (Cycle 24)
    • CONTOUR TRAIN (Cycle 25)
    • CYLINDER SURFACE (Cycle 27, software option 1)
    • CYLINDER SURFACE slot milling (Cycle 28, software option 1)
    • CYLINDER SURFACE ridge milling (Cycle 29, software option 1)
  • 8.6 Cycles for Multipass Milling
    • Overview
    • MULTIPASS MILLING (Cycle 230)
    • RULED SURFACE (Cycle 231)
    • FACE MILLING (Cycle 232)
  • 8.7 Coordinate Transformation Cycles
    • Overview
    • Effect of coordinate transformations
    • DATUM SHIFT (Cycle 7)
    • DATUM SHIFT with datum tables (Cycle 7)
    • MIRROR IMAGE (Cycle 8)
    • ROTATION (Cycle 10)
    • SCALING FACTOR (Cycle 11)
    • AXIS-SPECIFIC SCALING (Cycle 26)
  • 8.8 Special Cycles
    • DWELL TIME (Cycle 9)
    • PROGRAM CALL (Cycle 12)
    • ORIENTED SPINDLE STOP (Cycle 13)
• Programming: Subprograms and Program Section Repeats
  • 9.1 Labeling Subprograms and Program Section Repeats
    • Labels
  • 9.2 Subprograms
    • Operating sequence
    • Programming notes
    • Programming a subprogram
    • Calling a subprogram
  • 9.3 Program Section Repeats
    • Label LBL
    • Operating sequence
    • Programming notes
    • Programming a program section repeat
    • Calling a program section repeat
  • 9.4 Separate Program as Subprogram
    • Operating sequence
    • Programming notes
    • Calling any program as a subprogram
  • 9.5 Nesting
    • Types of nesting
    • Nesting depth
    • Subprogram within a subprogram
    • Repeating program section repeats
    • Repeating a subprogram
  • 9.6 Programming Examples
• Programming: Q Parameters
  • 10.1 Principle and Overview
    • Programming notes
    • Calling Q parameter functions
  • 10.2 Part Families-Q Parameters in Place of Numerical Values
    • Example NC blocks
    • Example
  • 10.3 Describing Contours through Mathematical Operations
    • Function
    • Overview
    • Programming fundamental operations
  • 10.4 Trigonometric Functions
    • Definitions
    • Programming trigonometric functions
  • 10.5 Calculating Circles
    • Function
  • 10.6 If-Then Decisions with Q Parameters
    • Function
    • Unconditional jumps
    • Programming If-Then decisions
    • Abbreviations used:
  • 10.7 Checking and Changing Q Parameters
    • Procedure
  • 10.8 Additional Functions
    • Overview
    • FN14: ERROR: Displaying error messages
    • FN16: F-PRINT: Formatted output of texts or Q parameter values
    • FN18: SYS-DATUM READ Read system data
    • FN19: PLC: Transferring values to the PLC
    • FN20: WAIT FOR: NC and PLC synchronization
    • FN29: PLC: Transferring values to the PLC
    • FN37:EXPORT
  • 10.9 Accessing Tables with SQL Commands
    • Introduction
    • A Transaction
    • Programming SQL commands
    • Overview of the soft keys
    • SQL BIND
    • SQL SELECT
    • SQL FETCH
    • SQL UPDATE
    • SQL INSERT
    • SQL COMMIT
    • SQL ROLLBACK
  • 10.10 Entering Formulas Directly
    • Entering formulas
    • Rules for formulas
    • Programming example
  • 10.11 String Parameters
    • String processing functions
    • Assigning string parameters
    • Chain-linking string parameters
    • Converting a numerical value to a string parameter
    • Copying a substring from a string parameter
    • Converting a string parameter to a numerical value
    • Checking a string parameter
    • Finding the length of a string parameter
    • Reading the alphabetic order
  • 10.12 Preassigned Q Parameters
    • Values from the PLC: Q100 to Q107
    • Active tool radius: Q108
    • Tool axis: Q109
    • Spindle status: Q110
    • Coolant supply: Q111
    • Overlap factor: Q112
    • Unit of measurement for dimensions in the program: Q113
    • Tool length: Q114
    • Coordinates after probing during program run
  • 10.13 Example Program
• Test Run and Program Run
  • 11.1 Graphics
    • Function
    • Overview of display modes
    • Plan view
    • Projection in 3 planes
    • 3-D view
    • Magnifying details
    • Repeating graphic simulation
    • Measuring the machining time
  • 11.2 Showing the Workpiece in the Working Space
    • Function
  • 11.3 Functions for Program Display
    • Overview
  • 11.4 Test Run
    • Function
  • 11.5 Program Run
    • Function
    • Run a part program
    • Interrupting machining
    • Moving the machine axes during an interruption
    • Resuming program run after an interruption
    • Mid-program startup (block scan)
    • Returning-to-contour function active
  • 11.6 Automatic Program Start
    • Function
  • 11.7 Optional Block Skip
    • Function
    • Inserting the “/” character
    • Erasing the “/” character
  • 11.8 Optional Program-Run Interruption
    • Function
• MOD Functions
  • 12.1 MOD Functions
    • Selecting the MOD functions
    • Changing the settings
    • Exiting the MOD functions
    • Overview of MOD functions
  • 12.2 Software Numbers
    • Function
  • 12.3 Position Display Types
    • Function
  • 12.4 Unit of Measurement
    • Function
  • 12.5 Display Operating Times
    • Function
  • 12.6 Entering Code Numbers
    • Function
  • 12.7 Setting the Data Interfaces
    • Serial interface on the TNC 320
    • Function
    • Setting the RS-232 interface
    • Setting the baud rate (baudRate)
    • Set the protocol (protocol)
    • Set the data bits (dataBits)
    • Parity check (parity)
    • Setting the stop bits (stopBits)
    • Setting the handshake (flowControl)
    • Setting the operating mode of the external device (fileSystem)
    • Software for data transfer
  • 12.8 Ethernet Interface
    • Introduction
    • Connection possibilities
    • Connecting the control to the network
• Touch Probe Cycles in the Manual and Electronic Handwheel Modes
  • 13.1 Introduction
    • Overview
    • Selecting probe cycles
  • 13.2 Calibrating a Touch Trigger Probe
    • Introduction
    • Calibrating the effective length
    • Calibrating the effective radius and compensating center misalignment
    • Displaying calibration values
  • 13.3 Compensating Workpiece Misalignment
    • Introduction
    • Measuring the basic rotation
    • Displaying a basic rotation
    • To cancel a basic rotation
  • 13.4 Setting the Datum with a 3-D Touch Probe
    • Introduction
    • To set the datum in any axis (see figure at right)
    • Corner as datum-using points already probed for a basic rotation (see figure at right)
    • Circle center as datum
  • 13.5 Measuring Workpieces with a 3-D Touch Probe
    • Introduction
    • To find the coordinate of a position on an aligned workpiece
    • Finding the coordinates of a corner in the working plane
    • To measure workpiece dimensions
    • To find the angle between the angle reference axis and a side of the workpiece
  • 13.6 Touch Probe Data Management
    • Introduction
    • Touch-probe table: Touch-probe data
    • Editing tool-probe tables
  • 13.7 Automatic Workpiece Measurement
    • Overview
    • Reference system for measurement results
    • DATUM PLANE (touch probe cycle 0)
    • DATUM PLANE (touch probe cycle 1)
    • MEASURING (touch probe cycle 3)
• Tables and Overviews
  • 14.1 Machine-Specific User Parameters
    • Function
  • 14.2 Pin Layout and Connecting Cable for the Data Interfaces
    • RS-232-C/V.24 interface for HEIDENHAIN devices
    • Non-HEIDENHAIN devices
    • Ethernet interface RJ45 socket
  • 14.3 Technical Information
  • 14.4 Exchanging the Buffer Battery