Cobalt Digital COMPASS 9085 Loudness Processor - Manual (Page 95)

9085-OM (V4.3) 9085 PRODUCT MANUAL A-3
Appendix A
Measurement Techniques For Various Program Material Forms
Figure A-1 Balancing LKFS Across Different Material Sources
Measurement Techniques For Various Program Material Forms
Because of the sometimes intentional broad variance of overall levels and
audio density in various types of program material, consideration must be
given in applying techniques that concentrate only on meaningful segments
within a piece where representative LKFS measurements can be obtained.
Currently, a fully automated means of accurately assessing LKFS for all cases
or forms of material has not been specified in ATSC A/85. Therefore,
techniques appropriate for the material must be applied. This section provides
guidance and examples of properly applied techniques for various cases and
forms of typical program material.
Dialnorm
0
LKFS
Local
Insertion
LKFS
-24
-18
Feed Local Insertion Feed
Local insertion ingest without consideration
of dialnorm results in 6 dB difference from
feed and insertion levels. Viewer is required
to reduce volume to maintain desired level.
0
LKFS
-24
-18
Feed Local Insertion Feed
By monitoring LKFS of local insertion ingest
and noting -18 LKFS measured result (vs.
dialnorm target -24 LKFS), 6 dB attenuation
of local insertion piece maintains acceptable
loudness balance between feed and local
insertion.
Run time
Run time
Dialnorm