HP NonStop G-Series - Manual (Page 7)

Changing Your Current Directory.......................................................................................114
Using Relative Pathname Notation......................................................................................115
Displaying Directories (ls -F)...................................................................................................116
Copying Directories (cp)........................................................................................................117
Renaming Directories (mv)......................................................................................................117
Removing Directories (rmdir)...................................................................................................118
Removing Empty Directories..............................................................................................118
Removing Multiple Directories............................................................................................119
Removing Your Current Directory .......................................................................................119
Removing Files and Directories Simultaneously (rm -r) ...........................................................119
10 Managing Access to Files and Directories................................................121
Protecting Files and Directories...............................................................................................121
Understanding Permissions.....................................................................................................121
Default Permissions...........................................................................................................123
Displaying File and Directory Permissions (ls)............................................................................123
Setting File and Directory Permissions (chmod)..........................................................................124
Specifying Permissions With Letters and Operation Symbols..................................................124
Changing File Permissions ...........................................................................................125
Changing Directory Permissions ...................................................................................126
Using Pattern-Matching Characters ...............................................................................126
Setting Absolute Permissions ........................................................................................126
Specifying Permissions With Octal Numbers........................................................................127
Setting the User Mask...........................................................................................................128
Changing Owners and Groups..............................................................................................130
Security Auditing of OSS Files................................................................................................131
How to Identify an Audited File in Audit Records..................................................................131
What Operations and Objects Are Audited.........................................................................131
Considerations for File Auditing.........................................................................................133
Recursive Behavior and the /G and /E Directories....................................................................133
Additional Security Considerations..........................................................................................134
11 Managing Processes..............................................................................135
Understanding Programs and Processes...................................................................................135
Understanding Standard Input, Output, and Error Messages.......................................................135
Redirecting Input and Output.............................................................................................135
Reading Input From a File—The < Symbol .....................................................................136
Writing Output to a File—The > and >> Symbols ...........................................................136
Redirecting Standard Error Messages to a File.....................................................................137
Redirecting Both Standard Error Messages and Standard Output............................................137
Running Several Processes Simultaneously................................................................................138
Running Foreground Processes ..........................................................................................138
Running Background Processes..........................................................................................138
Monitoring and Canceling Processes.......................................................................................139
Checking Process Status....................................................................................................139
The ps Command........................................................................................................139
The jobs Command ....................................................................................................141
Canceling a Foreground Process (Ctrl-c)..............................................................................141
Canceling a Background Process (kill)................................................................................141
Displaying Information About Users and Their Processes............................................................142
Scheduling Jobs...................................................................................................................143
Job Scheduling Using the at Command...............................................................................143
Displaying a List of Scheduled Jobs (at -l)............................................................................144
Canceling a Scheduled Job (at -r)......................................................................................144
Job Scheduling Using the batch Command..........................................................................145
Job Scheduling Using the crontab Command.......................................................................145
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