Interlogix MCR205-1T/1S User Manual - Manual (Page 38)

32 IFS MCR205-1T/1S User Manual
Some relevant terms:
Tag - The act of putting 802.1Q VLAN information into the header of a packet.
Untag - The act of stripping 802.1Q VLAN information out of the packet header.
802.1Q VLAN Tags
The figure below shows the 802.1Q VLAN tag. There are four additional octets
inserted after the source MAC address. Their presence is indicated by a value of
0x8100 in the Ether Type field. When a packet's Ether Type field is equal to
0x8100, the packet carries the IEEE 802.1Q/802.1p tag. The tag is contained in
the following two octets and consists of 3 bits of user priority, 1 bit of Canonical
Format Identifier (CFI - used for encapsulating Token Ring packets so they can
be carried across Ethernet backbones), and 12 bits of VLAN ID (VID). The 3 bits
of user priority are used by 802.1p. The VID is the VLAN identifier and is used by
the 802.1Q standard. Because the VID is 12 bits long, 4094 unique VLAN can be
identified.
The tag is inserted into the packet header making the entire packet longer by 4
octets. All of the information originally contained in the packet is retained.
802.1Q Tag
User Priority CFI VLAN ID (VID)
3 bits 1 bits 12 bits
TPID (Tag Protocol Identifier) TCI (Tag Control Information)
2 bytes 2 bytes
Preamble
Destination
Address
Source
Address
VLAN TAG
Ethernet
Type
Data FCS
6 bytes 6 bytes 4 bytes 2 bytes 46-1500 bytes 4 bytes
The Ether Type and VLAN ID are inserted after the MAC source address, but
before the original Ether Type/Length or Logical Link Control. Because the
packet is now a bit longer than it was originally, the Cyclic Redundancy Check
(CRC) must be recalculated.
Adding an IEEE802.1Q Tag
Dest. Addr. Src. Addr. Length/E. type Data Old CRC
Dest. Addr. Src. Addr. E. type Tag Length/E. type Data New CRC
Priority CFI VLAN ID
Original Ethernet
New Tagged Packet