Hawking Technology HNC320G - Manual (Page 102)

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Protocol Communication on the network is governed by sets of rules called protocols. Protocols provide
the guidelines devices use to communicate with each other, and thus they have different functions.
Some protocols are responsible for formatting and presenting data that will be transferred from
file server memory to the file server’s network adapter. Others are responsible for filtering
information between networks and forwarding data to its destination. Still other protocols dictate
how data is transferred across the medium, and how servers respond to workstation requests and
vice versa. Common network protocols responsible for the presentation and formatting of data
for a network operating system are the Internetwork Packet Exchange (IPX) protocol or the
Internet Protocol (IP). Protocols that dictate the format of data for transferors the medium include
token-passing and Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD),
implemented as token-ring, ARCNET, FDDI, or Ethernet. The Router Information Protocol
(RIP), a part of the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) suite, forwards
packets from one network to another using the same network protocol.
R
RARP Reverse Address Resolution Protocol. A TCP/IP protocol that allows a physical address, such as
an Ethernet address, to be translated into an IP address.
RJ-45 RJ-45 connectors are used for Ethernet cable connections.
Router A router is the network software or hardware entity charged with routing packets between
networks.
S
Server A server is a simple computer that provides resources, such as files or other information.
SMTP The Simple Mail Transfer Protocol is used for Internet mail.
SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol. SNMP was designed to provide a common foundation
for managing network devices.
Station In LANs, a station consists of a device that can communicate data on the network. In FDDI, a
station includes both physical nodes and addressable logical devices. Workstations, single-attach
stations, dual-attach stations, and concentrators are FDDI stations.
Subnet mask In TCP/IP, the bits used to create the subnet are called the subnet mask.
T
TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol is a widely used transport protocol that connects
diverse computers of various transmission methods. It was developed to connect different
computer types and led to the development of the Internet.