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Using ping, tracert, and system debugging ··············································································································· 1
Ping ····················································································································································································· 1
Using a ping command to test network connectivity ···························································································· 1
Ping example ···························································································································································· 1
Tracert ················································································································································································ 3
Prerequisites ······························································································································································ 4
Using a tracert command to identify failed or all nodes in a path ····································································· 4
System debugging ···························································································································································· 4
Debugging information control switches················································································································ 4
Debugging a feature module ·································································································································· 5
Ping and tracert example ················································································································································· 6
Configuring NTP ·························································································································································· 8
Overview ············································································································································································ 8
NTP application ························································································································································ 8
NTP advantages ······················································································································································· 8
How NTP works ························································································································································ 8
NTP message format ················································································································································ 9
Operation modes ·················································································································································· 11
NTP configuration task list ············································································································································· 13
Configuring NTP operation modes ······························································································································ 13
Configuring the client/server mode ···················································································································· 14
Configuring the symmetric peers mode ·············································································································· 14
Configuring the broadcast mode ························································································································· 15
Configuring the multicast mode ··························································································································· 16
Configuring optional parameters ································································································································· 16
Specifying the source interface for NTP messages ···························································································· 16
Disabling an interface from receiving NTP messages ······················································································· 17
Configuring the allowed maximum number of dynamic sessions ···································································· 17
Configuring the DSCP value for NTP messages ································································································· 18
Configuring access-control rights ································································································································· 18
Configuration prerequisites ·································································································································· 19
Configuration procedure ······································································································································ 19
Configuring NTP authentication ··································································································································· 19
Configuring NTP authentication in client/server mode ····················································································· 19
Configuring NTP authentication in symmetric peers mode ··············································································· 20
Configuring NTP authentication in broadcast mode ························································································· 21
Configuring NTP authentication in multicast mode ··························································································· 22
Displaying and maintaining NTP ································································································································· 23
NTP configuration examples ········································································································································· 24
NTP client/server mode configuration example ································································································ 24
NTP symmetric peers mode configuration example ·························································································· 25
NTP broadcast mode configuration example ····································································································· 27
NTP multicast mode configuration example ······································································································· 28
Configuration example for NTP client/server mode with authentication ························································ 31
Configuration example for NTP broadcast mode with authentication ···························································· 32
Configuring the information center ··························································································································· 36
Overview ········································································································································································· 36
Classification of system information ···················································································································· 36
