True Manufacturing Company ES9.0 - Manual (Page 55)

ES9.0 Recumbent Bike Owner’s Guide
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Note that the absolute accuracy of this test is approximately
+/- 15% compared to a laboratory maximal test. (See Swain and
Leutholtz, Metabolic Calculations, page 63). The results on the
ES9.0 bike should be somewhat better since it uses an improved
maximum heart rate formula (see Appendix A).
The repeatability accuracy, from test to test with the same test
subject, should be much better, probably within +/- 7%.
Personal Power is used to calculate work levels that are more
appropriate than in the standard YMCA protocol.
Test Specific Issues
chapter Ten: Fitness Test