Crestron electronic Green Light GLPS-HSW-FT - Manual (Page 79)

Crestron Commercial Lighting Design Guide
75
Appendix C – Glossary of Lighting Ter
m
s
Appendix C - Glossary of Lighting Terms
A
AMPERE: The standard unit of measurement for electric current that
is equal to one coulomb per second. It defines the quantity of electrons
moving past a given point in a circuit during a specific period. It is
abbreviated as “amp” or “A”.
ANSI: Abbreviation for American National Standards Institute
ASHRAE: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning
Engineers
B
BALLAST: A device used to operate fluorescent and HID lamps. The
ballast provides the necessary starting voltage, while limiting and
regulating the lamp current during operation
BALLAST CYCLING: Undesirable condition under which the ballast turns
lamps on and off (cycles) due to the overheating of the thermal switch
inside the ballast. This may be due to incorrect lamps, improper voltage
being supplied, high ambient temperature around the fixture, or the early
stage of ballast failure
BALLAST EFFICIENCY FACTOR: The ballast efficiency factor (BEF) is the
ballast factor (see below) divided by the input power of the ballast. The
higher the BEF (within the same lamp-ballast type), the more efficient
the ballast.
BALLAST FACTOR: The ballast factor (BF) for a specific lamp-ballast
combination represents the percentage of the rated lamp lumens that
will be produced by the combination
C
CANDELA: Unit of luminous intensity, describing the intensity of a light
source in a specific direction
CEC: Abbreviation for California Energy Commission
COMPACT FLUORESCENT: A small fluorescent lamp that is often used
as an alternative to incandescent lighting. The lamp life is about 10
times longer than incandescent lamps and is 3-4 times more efficacious.
Also called PL, Twin-Tube, CFL, or BIAX lamps
CONSTANT WATTAGE (CW) BALLAST: A premium type of HID ballast in
which the primary and secondary coils are isolated. It is considered a
high performance, high loss ballast featuring excellent output regulation
CONSTANT WATTAGE AUTOTRANSFORMER (CWA) BALLAST: A popular
type of HID ballast in which the primary and secondary coils are
electrically connected. Considered an appropriate balance between cost
and performance
D
DALI: Digital Addressable Lighting Interface is a protocol set out in the
technical standard IEC 60929. A DALI system is self-contained. A ballast
and a multi-sensor, offer benefits such as constant light control, PIR
movement-detection and IR remote operation. Multiple DALI systems
can be connected together using gateways to building management
systems. Software programs offer more sophisticated programming
functionality for grouped systems, such as scene setting, time clock, and
partition control
DAYLIGHT COMPENSATION: A dimming system controlled by a photocell
that reduces the output of the lamps when daylight is present. As
daylight levels increase, lamp intensity decreases. An energy-saving
technique used in areas with significant daylight contribution
DERATING: Components can be treated in such a way as to enhance
their life expectancy. Derating is the name normally given to operating a
component well inside its normal operating limits to extend the life of a
component, and is a practical means of reducing failures. The National
Electrical Code and local electrical codes determine the amount of
available current based on a derating factor. A derating factor improves
reliability by reducing the upper limit of current carrying capacity to
compensate for electrical, mechanical and thermal stress
DIN RAIL: A standardized 35 mm wide metal rail with hat-shaped cross
section. It is widely used for mounting circuit breakers and industrial
control equipment inside equipment racks.
DIRECT GLARE: Glare produced by a direct view of light sources. It is
often the result of insufficiently shielded light sources. (See GLARE)
DOWNLIGHT: A type of ceiling luminaire, usually fully recessed, where
most of the light is directed downward. May feature an open reflector
and/or shielding device
E
EFFICACY: A metric used to compare light output to energy consumption.
Efficacy is measured in lumens per watt. Efficacy is similar to efficiency,
but is expressed in dissimilar units. For example, if a 100-watt source
produces 9000 lumens, then the efficacy is 90 lumens per watt
ELECTROLUMINESCENT: A light source technology used in exit signs that
provides uniform brightness, long lamp life (approximately eight years),
while consuming very little energy (less than one watt per lamp)
ELECTRONIC BALLAST: Ballast that uses semi-conductor components to
increase the frequency of fluorescent lamp operation (typically in the 20-
40 kHz range. Smaller inductive components provide the lamp current
control. Fluorescent system efficiency is increased due to high frequency
lamp operation
ELECTRONIC DIMMING BALLAST: A variable output electronic fluorescent
ballast
ELECTRONIC LOW-VOLTAGE (ELV): Electronic low-voltage lighting uses
an electronic (solid-state technology) transformer to convert line voltage
(120 VAC) to low voltage (typically 12 VAC). This lower voltage is then
used power an incandescent low-voltage lamp. Track lights are usually
electronic low-voltage
ENERGY-SAVING BALLAST: A type of magnetic ballast designed so that
the components operate more efficiently, cooler and longer than
“standard magnetic" ballast. By US law, standard magnetic ballasts can
no longer be manufactured
F
FLUORESCENT LAMP: A light source consisting of a tube filled with
argon, along with krypton or other inert gas. When electrical current
is applied, the resulting arc emits ultraviolet radiation that excites the
phosphors inside the lamp wall, causing them to radiate visible light