Vectronics VEC-1500K - Manual (Page 42)

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Vacuum Solder Suckers: This popular method of solder removal involves
heating a connection, and then using vacuum to suck the molten solder up into a
container. Solder suckers come in many different types, and cost anywhere from
a few dollars to several thousand. The simplest types are rubber squeeze balls
with heat-resistant nozzles and spring-loaded hand pumps with trigger releases.
Both types are inexpensive, work marginally well, and rely on heat from a
conventional iron to melt solder.
Squeeze-Bulb Sucker
Spring-Loaded Vacuum Pump
Professional "rework stations" represent a giant step forward in terms of
sophistication and performance. A few solder-gun-style hand-held units are
available, but most are larger bench-top machines intended for high-volume
repair and manufacturing applications. Some develop suction using built-in
electric vacuum pumps, while others rely on compressed air lines to drive
pneumatic pumps.
Bench-Top Unit
Hand-Held Unit
All suckers, from the simple to the complex, require frequent cleaning and
maintenance to prevent clogging and ensure acceptable vacuum levels. Most
work well on all types of boards, although you usually get what you pay for in
terms of overall performance and usefulness. When used properly, suckers may
represent the fastest and least invasive way to remove sensitive components.
Other Tools of the Trade
Removing components from boards and clearing solder from plate-through holes
sometimes requires more than a desoldering tool alone can deliver. Stubborn
leads may break off or get stuck, solder spatters have a way of wedging
themselves into tight areas, and solder may not come out of plated holes with any