Rainbow Electronics ATmega32L - Manual (Page 308)

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ATmega32(L)
2503C–AVR–10/02
Table of Contents Features................................................................................................. 1
Pin Configurations................................................................................ 2
Disclaimer.............................................................................................. 2
Overview................................................................................................ 3
Block Diagram ...................................................................................................... 3
Pin Descriptions.................................................................................................... 4
About Code Examples.......................................................................... 5
AVR CPU Core ...................................................................................... 6
Introduction ........................................................................................................... 6
Architectural Overview.......................................................................................... 6
ALU – Arithmetic Logic Unit.................................................................................. 7
Status Register ..................................................................................................... 8
General Purpose Register File ............................................................................. 9
Stack Pointer ...................................................................................................... 10
Instruction Execution Timing............................................................................... 11
Reset and Interrupt Handling.............................................................................. 11
AVR ATmega32 Memories ................................................................. 14
In-System Reprogrammable Flash Program Memory ........................................ 14
SRAM Data Memory........................................................................................... 15
EEPROM Data Memory...................................................................................... 16
I/O Memory ......................................................................................................... 21
System Clock and Clock Options ..................................................... 22
Clock Systems and their Distribution .................................................................. 22
Clock Sources..................................................................................................... 23
Default Clock Source .......................................................................................... 23
Crystal Oscillator................................................................................................. 24
Low-frequency Crystal Oscillator ........................................................................ 26
External RC Oscillator ........................................................................................ 26
Calibrated Internal RC Oscillator ........................................................................ 27
External Clock..................................................................................................... 29
Timer/Counter Oscillator..................................................................................... 29
Power Management and Sleep Modes.............................................. 30
Idle Mode ............................................................................................................ 31
ADC Noise Reduction Mode............................................................................... 31
Power-down Mode.............................................................................................. 31
Power-save Mode............................................................................................... 31
Standby Mode..................................................................................................... 32
Extended Standby Mode .................................................................................... 32