Document Outline

• Cover Page
• Title Page
• Trademarks
• Declaration Of Conformity
• Registration Card
• Warranty
• Table Of Contents
• Chapter 1 Getting Started
  • 1.1 Introduction
    • 1.1.1 Description of the Instrument System
  • 1.2 Using this Manual
    • 1.2.1 Symbols and their Definitions
  • 1.3 Performance Specifications
  • 1.4 How To Contact Customer Support
    • 1.4.1 Application Support
    • 1.4.2 Field Service and Repair Support
    • 1.4.3 Returning Your Instrument
  • 1.5 Inventory of Supplied Items
  • 1.6 Physical Requirements
  • 1.7 Electrical Power Requirements
    • 1.7.1 Rated Output to Composer
    • 1.7.2 Rated Input
    • 1.7.3 User Supplied Power Supply
  • 1.8 Environmental Requirements
  • 1.9 Computer System Requirements
  • 1.10 Installation
    • 1.10.1 Physical Installation
      • 1.10.1.1 Use with Heated Delivery Lines
      • 1.10.1.2 Rack Mounting
    • 1.10.2 Electrical Installation
      • 1.10.2.1 Connection to Rear Panel
        • 1.10.2.1.1 The BNC Connectors
      • 1.10.2.2 The D Shell Connectors
      • 1.10.2.3 How to Connect Electrical Power to the Instrument
      • 1.10.2.4 Isolated +24 V(dc) Supply
      • 1.10.2.5 Protective Grounding Requirements
    • 1.10.3 Electrical Grounding and Shielding Requirements
      • 1.10.3.1 Verifying/Establishing Earth Ground
      • 1.10.3.2 Connections To Earth Ground
      • 1.10.3.3 Minimizing Noise Pickup from External Cabling
      • 1.10.3.4 Communications Connection and Software Installation
    • 1.10.4 Connections to the Reactor
      • 1.10.4.1 When Used as a Monitor
      • 1.10.4.2 Basic Connection to a Reactor (Concentration Measuring Mode)
      • 1.10.4.3 How to Connect the Instrument for Independent Control of the Concentration
      • 1.10.4.4 Basic Connection To A Reactor—Bulk Flow Control Mode
    • 1.10.5 Sensor Installation
      • 1.10.5.1 Vacuum Considerations
      • 1.10.5.2 Positioning
      • 1.10.5.3 Integration With The Instrument
      • 1.10.5.4 Maximum Pressure Considerations
      • 1.10.5.5 Transducer Series
• Chapter 2 How the Instrument Works
  • 2.1 Speed of Sound and Gas Composition
  • 2.2 Measuring the Speed of Sound
  • 2.3 Control Loop Primer
  • 2.4 Fuzzy Logic
  • 2.5 Instrument Overview
  • 2.6 Description of Subsystems
    • 2.6.1 Transducer
    • 2.6.2 Controller
      • 2.6.2.1 CPU (Central Processing Unit)
      • 2.6.2.2 DSP (Digital Signal Processor)
      • 2.6.2.3 FPGA
      • 2.6.2.4 Cell Excitation
      • 2.6.2.5 Sensor Temperature Control
      • 2.6.2.6 I/O
      • 2.6.2.7 Power Supply
      • 2.6.2.8 Composer Connector Board
    • 2.6.3 Monitor Software
    • 2.6.4 Power Supply - External
    • 2.6.5 Setup Tool Software
• Chapter 3 Applications Guide
  • 3.1 Advice and Tips
    • 3.1.1 What is the Required Warm Up Time
    • 3.1.2 When and How Often to Set the Reference Zero
    • 3.1.3 How is Performance Affected if I Use the Factory Set Reference Zero Value?
    • 3.1.4 What To Do when the Specific Heat Ratio for a Gas is Unknown?
    • 3.1.5 What is the Ideal Operating Environment?
    • 3.1.6 What is the Effect of Pressure Variation?
    • 3.1.7 Should Sweep or Amplitude Track Mode Be Used?
    • 3.1.8 What is the Effect of Flow Variation?
    • 3.1.9 How Does This Instrumental Method Differ from Measuring the Speed Of Sound by Time Of Flight
      • 3.1.9.1 Calculation Example
    • 3.1.10 What is the Long Term Stability of this Measurement System
    • 3.1.11 Properties of Optional O-ring Materials
    • 3.1.12 What Happens if the Reference Zero is Improperly Set
    • 3.1.13 Composer Bulk Flow Control Configuration
      • 3.1.13.1 General
      • 3.1.13.2 Sensor Installation (Bulk Flow)
      • 3.1.13.3 Controller Installation (Bulk Flow)
      • 3.1.13.4 Operation (Bulk Flow)
      • 3.1.13.5 Programming the Controller’s Parameters (Bulk Flow)
        • 3.1.13.5.1 List of Parameters used for Describing the Bulk Flow Control Configuration
      • 3.1.13.6 Determining Process Control Loop Parameters (Bulk Flow)
        • 3.1.13.6.1 Gain, Kp
        • 3.1.13.6.2 Dead Time
        • 3.1.13.6.3 Time Constant
    • 3.1.14 Analog I/O Option — Concentration Control Configuration
    • 3.1.15 How to Sample Flow with a Composer
  • 3.2 Tutorials
    • 3.2.1 Control Loop Fundamentals — Concentration Control
      • 3.2.1.1 Tuning a Slow Delivery System
      • 3.2.1.2 Tuning a Fast Delivery System
      • 3.2.1.3 Typical Parameter Values
      • 3.2.1.4 Setting Total Flow
      • 3.2.1.5 Computing the System’s Time Constant
      • 3.2.1.6 Calculation Example
    • 3.2.2 How to Precisely Tune a Control Loop
    • 3.2.3 How to Determine Process Parameters
      • 3.2.3.1 Using Composer Monitor Software / Setup Tool
      • 3.2.3.2 Using Composer’s System I/O Interface
      • 3.2.3.3 Using Composer’s Front Panel Keypad (LCD Display Option)
      • 3.2.3.4 An Example of Computation
    • 3.2.4 What if the NOVRAM’s Battery Fails and I Lose All My Stored Parameters?
    • 3.2.5 Why is a Digital Connection to the System Controller Preferred?
• Chapter 4 Operation
  • 4.1 Initialization and Setup
    • 4.1.1 Standard LED Display
    • 4.1.2 Optional LCD Display
  • 4.2 Calibration
    • 4.2.1 Frequency of Calibration
    • 4.2.2 Special Tools and Materials
    • 4.2.3 How to Calibrate
    • 4.2.4 How To Revert To Factory Default Settings
  • 4.3 How To Use The Instrument
    • 4.3.1 How To Start The Instrument
      • 4.3.1.1 Concentration Control Configuration
      • 4.3.1.2 Bulk Flow Control Configuration
    • 4.3.2 How To Stop The Instrument
      • 4.3.2.1 Concentration Control Configuration
      • 4.3.2.2 Bulk Flow Control Configuration
    • 4.3.3 How To Shut Down The Instrument
    • 4.3.4 Description and Purpose of Operating Modes
      • 4.3.4.1 Measuring Mode — Amplitude Track
      • 4.3.4.2 Control Configuration — Concentration and Bulk Flow
        • 4.3.4.2.1 Concentration Control Configuration
        • 4.3.4.2.2 Bulk Flow Control Configuration
    • 4.3.5 Description and Purpose of Displays
      • 4.3.5.1 Standard Display Description
      • 4.3.5.2 Optional - Composer LCD Display Description
        • 4.3.5.2.1 Numerical Display and Units Indicators
        • 4.3.5.2.2 State Indicators
        • 4.3.5.2.3 Instrument Zero Indicators
        • 4.3.5.2.4 Communication Indicators
        • 4.3.5.2.5 Instrument and Process Status Indicators
        • 4.3.5.2.6 Film Number Indicator
        • 4.3.5.2.7 Program Parameter Indicators
      • 4.3.5.3 Optional - LCD Front Panel Description
        • 4.3.5.3.1 Function and Numeric Keys
        • 4.3.5.3.2 Alternate Functions
    • 4.3.6 Description of Rear Panel
      • 4.3.6.1 Description and Purpose of SYSTEM I/O Connector
      • 4.3.6.2 SENSOR Connector
      • 4.3.6.3 POWER Connector
      • 4.3.6.4 Option Connector
      • 4.3.6.5 CFGR1
      • 4.3.6.6 CFGR2
      • 4.3.6.7 RS-232C
      • 4.3.6.8 CONCENTRATION OUT Connector
      • 4.3.6.9 CONTROL OUT Connector
      • 4.3.6.10 CONTROL IN Connector
      • 4.3.6.11 Analog I/O Option
      • 4.3.6.12 Safety Ground
    • 4.3.7 Parameter Entry
• Chapter 5 Maintenance
  • 5.1 Safety Considerations
  • 5.2 Scheduled [Preventative] Maintenance
  • 5.3 Fuses
  • 5.4 Cleaning
  • 5.5 Inspecting the Transducer
  • 5.6 Leak Detection Procedures
    • 5.6.1 Leak Testing the Primary Containment Vessel
    • 5.6.2 Leak Detection of the Secondary Containment Vessel
  • 5.7 Verification of Transducer Performance
    • 5.7.1 Verification of Performance with Monitor Software
  • 5.8 LCD Contrast Adjustment — (LCD Display Option Only)
• Chapter 6 Diagnosing Problems
  • 6.1 Introduction
  • 6.2 Failure Effects Mode Analysis (FEMA)
    • 6.2.1 Category 1; Temperature Related
    • 6.2.2 Category 2; Acoustic Generator Related
    • 6.2.3 Category 3; Acoustic Receiver Related
    • 6.2.4 Category 4; Installation Related
    • 6.2.5 Category 5; User Related
    • 6.2.6 Category 6; Miscellaneous
  • 6.3 How To Revert To Factory Default Values
  • 6.4 If You Can Not Resolve Your Problem
  • 6.5 User Diagnostics
    • 6.5.1 How To Start User Diagnostics
    • 6.5.2 How To Exit User Diagnostics
  • 6.6 Error Detection
    • 6.6.1 LED Blink Patterns
    • 6.6.2 Error Codes
• Chapter 7 External Communications
  • 7.1 Introduction
  • 7.2 Communications Connection
  • 7.3 Communication Settings
  • 7.4 Basic Command Structure
    • 7.4.1 Structure of a Command Sent to Composer
    • 7.4.2 Structure of a Response Sent from Composer
    • 7.4.3 List of Commands with their Subcommands, Data, and Response Data.
    • 7.4.4 Error Codes
      • 7.4.4.1 Communication Errors
      • 7.4.4.2 Error Log
        • 7.4.4.2.1 System and Hardware Errors
        • 7.4.4.2.2 System and Hardware Warnings
    • 7.4.5 Examples
• Chapter 8 Software Guide
  • 8.1 Introduction
  • 8.2 Getting Started
    • 8.2.1 Computer System Requirements
    • 8.2.2 Software Installation
    • 8.2.3 First Time Use
      • 8.2.3.1 Set Up Communications
      • 8.2.3.2 Verify Communications with Composer
      • 8.2.3.3 Set Up Process Parameters
      • 8.2.3.4 Using the Applications
        • 8.2.3.4.1 Amplitude Track Mode
        • 8.2.3.4.2 Sweep Mode
  • 8.3 Software Reference
    • 8.3.1 Menu Bar
    • 8.3.2 Toolbar
    • 8.3.3 Ribbon Bar
    • 8.3.4 Setup Communications Parameters
    • 8.3.5 Setup Process Parameters
      • 8.3.5.1 Index
      • 8.3.5.2 Bubbler MFC (sccm)
      • 8.3.5.3 Dilution MFC (sccm)
      • 8.3.5.4 Channel Flow (sccm)
      • 8.3.5.5 Control Input Range (%)
      • 8.3.5.6 Loop Parameters
      • 8.3.5.7 Miscellaneous
      • 8.3.5.8 Precursor Gas
      • 8.3.5.9 Carrier Gas
    • 8.3.6 Sweep Mode
    • 8.3.7 Amplitude Track Mode
    • 8.3.8 Control State
    • 8.3.9 Setup Data Log File
    • 8.3.10 Setup Data Display
    • 8.3.11 Gas Properties Database
    • 8.3.12 Gas Concentration Calculator
    • 8.3.13 I/O Status
    • 8.3.14 About
  • 8.4 Errors and Warnings Reporting
  • 8.5 Multiple Composers
• Chapter 9 Bibliography
• Chapter 10 Glossary
• Chapter 11 Recommended Parts List
  • 11.1 Replacement Parts
• Chapter 12 Quick Use Guide
  • 12.1 Introduction
• Index