ABAQUS Volume II: I–Z - Manual (Page 455)

*SPRING
18.29 *SPRING: Define spring behavior.
This option is used to define the spring behavior for spring elements.
In ABAQUS/Standard analyses it is also used to define the spring behavior for ITS and JOINTC elements.
If the *SPRING option is being used to define part of the behavior of ITS or JOINTC elements, it must be
used in conjunction with the *ITS or *JOINT options and the ELSET and ORIENTATION parameters should
not be used.
Products: ABAQUS/Standard ABAQUS/Explicit
Type: Model data
Level: Part, Part instance, Assembly
References:
•
“Springs,” Section 26.1.1 of the ABAQUS Analysis User’s Manual
•
“Flexible joint element,” Section 26.3.1 of the ABAQUS Analysis User’s Manual
•
“Tube support elements,” Section 26.9.1 of the ABAQUS Analysis User’s Manual
Required parameter if the behavior of spring elements is being defined:
ELSET
Set this parameter equal to the name of the element set containing the spring elements for which
this behavior is being defined.
Optional parameters:
DEPENDENCIES
Set this parameter equal to the number of field variable dependencies included in the definition
of the spring stiffness data, in addition to temperature. If this parameter is omitted, it is assumed
that the spring stiffness is independent of field variables.
See “Using the DEPENDENCIES
parameters to define field variable dependence” in “Material data definition,” Section 16.1.2 of the
ABAQUS Analysis User’s Manual, for more information.
NONLINEAR
Include this parameter to define nonlinear spring behavior. Omit this parameter to define linear
spring behavior.
ORIENTATION
This parameter applies only to ABAQUS/Standard analyses.
If the option is being used to define the behavior of SPRING1 or SPRING2 elements, this
parameter can be used to refer to an orientation definition so that the spring is acting in a local
18.29–1
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